Comprehensive guide to vaginal cysts

Vaginal cysts, originating from various glands and tissues, are common yet varied in their impact and treatment needs. From Bartholin's gland cysts to rare cases like vaginal or vulval cancer, recognising symptoms and early intervention through regular gynaecological care are crucial for maintaining women's health. In her latest online article, Ms Sangeeta Khinder explores the different types of vaginal cysts and their management strategies to ensure optimal well-being.

Bartholin's gland cysts

Bartholin's gland cysts arise from glands responsible for vaginal lubrication and are located near the vaginal entrance. Typically appearing as painless lumps, these cysts can become problematic if they grow large or become infected. Initial management includes warm compresses and sitz baths, while more severe cases may require antibiotics or surgical procedures like marsupialisation.

Gartner's duct cysts

Originating from Wolffian duct remnants, Gartner's duct cysts are often small and asymptomatic but can cause discomfort if they enlarge. Treatment usually involves surgical removal if symptoms persist or worsen.

Skene's duct cysts

Found near the urethral opening, Skene's duct cysts are generally small and painless. Infections can lead to discomfort, requiring antibiotics or surgical excision in persistent cases.

Vaginal inclusion cysts

Resulting from inadequate healing after trauma or surgery, vaginal inclusion cysts fill with fluid within vaginal walls. While they often resolve on their own, surgical excision may be considered for persistent symptoms.

Ingrown hair cysts

Caused by hair follicle blockage, ingrown hair cysts present as painful, inflamed bumps on the vulva. Treatment includes avoiding popping, antibiotics for infections, and occasionally minor surgical drainage.

Mucosal tags and hymenal tags

These minor skin tags within the vaginal lining may require removal under local anaesthesia if they cause irritation or discomfort.

Vaginal or vulval cancer

Extremely rare, vaginal or vulval cancer may present with symptoms like irregular lumps, bleeding, persistent itching, or changes in skin appearance. Early detection through routine gynaecological examinations is crucial for prompt treatment and referral to specialists.

Diagnosis and management

Diagnosing vaginal cysts involves physical examinations and imaging tests to determine size, location, and type. Treatment varies based on symptoms and cyst characteristics, ranging from conservative measures like warm compresses to surgical interventions such as excision or drainage.

Prevention and awareness

Understanding normal vaginal anatomy and recognising symptoms of vaginal cysts empower women to seek timely medical evaluation. Regular gynaecological examinations facilitate early detection and management of any abnormalities, ensuring optimal reproductive health and well-being.

Ms Sangeeta Khinder is an esteemed consultant gynaecologist. You can schedule an appointment with Ms Khinder on her Top Doctors profile.