How to effectively manage acne

Acne is a condition which can negatively affect a person’s self-confidence, making them feel embarrassed and ashamed about their appearance. Dr Sabina Ghani provides a guide to skincare routines, prevention strategies and treatment options for the condition.

What is acne?

Acne, a prevalent skin issue, arises when hair follicles become obstructed with a combination of oil and dead skin cells. This obstruction triggers the emergence of various blemishes such as pimples, blackheads, whiteheads, and occasionally more profound nodules or cysts. Typically, acne targets areas like the face, chest, back, and shoulders.

Types of acne

Acne can manifest in various forms:

• Whiteheads: Closed plugged pores.
• Blackheads: Blackheads are pores that are open and blocked, displaying a darkened appearance caused by oxidation.
• Papules: Small red bumps that may be tender.
• Pustules: Pimples filled with pus.
• Nodules: Large, solid, painful lumps beneath the surface of the skin.
• Cysts: Deep, pus-filled pimples that can cause scarring.

Skincare routine for acne

Maintaining a consistent skincare routine can aid in effectively managing acne:

Cleansing: Wash your face twice daily with a gentle cleanser to remove excess oil, dirt, and impurities.

Exfoliation: Use a mild exfoliant to unclog pores and remove dead skin cells, but avoid harsh scrubbing, which can irritate the skin.

Moisturising: Use a non-comedogenic moisturiser to keep your skin hydrated without clogging pores.

Sun protection: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher daily to protect your skin from harmful UV rays, which can worsen acne and cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

Preventing acne breakouts

While it's not always possible to prevent acne entirely, there are steps you can take to minimise breakouts:

Maintain a healthy diet: Limit consumption of sugary and greasy foods, as they can exacerbate acne.

Keep skin clean: Avoid touching your face with dirty hands and wash your pillowcases regularly.

Manage stress: Engage in stress-relieving practices like meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.

Limit makeup use: Opt for non-comedogenic or oil-free makeup products and ensure makeup removal before going to bed.

Effective methods for treating acne

Treatment options for acne depend on its severity and may include:

Topical solutions: Creams, gels, or lotions available over the counter or through prescription, formulated with ingredients such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids.

Oral medications: Antibiotics, hormonal therapies, or oral contraceptives prescribed by a doctor.

Procedures: Chemical peels, laser therapy, or extraction of cysts performed by a qualified skincare professional.

Can acne result in permanent scarring?

Unfortunately, in severe cases, acne can lead to permanent scarring. To minimise the risk of scarring, it's essential to seek treatment early and avoid picking or squeezing pimples, which can worsen inflammation and increase the likelihood of scarring.

By understanding the nature of acne and implementing appropriate skincare practices and treatments, you can effectively manage this common skin condition and improve the health and appearance of your skin. If you have concerns about your acne, don't hesitate to consult with a qualified dermatologist for personalised advice and treatment options.

If you are suffering from acne and would like to book a consultation with Dr Ghani, simply visit her Top Doctors profile today