Living with fibroids: Is it safe?

Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths which develop in or on the uterus. Fibroids are common, particularly in women of reproductive age, and can vary greatly in size and number. While they are typically benign and not life-threatening, fibroids can cause discomfort and complications depending on their characteristics and location. Here’s an overview of what it means to live with fibroids and what factors to consider for your safety and well-being.

What are the symptoms of fibroids?

Many women with fibroids experience no symptoms, while others may have noticeable signs, such as:

• Heavy or prolonged menstrual periods
• Pelvic pain or pressure
• Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder
• Constipation
• Back or leg pain
• Pain during intercourse

These symptoms can impact quality of life and may become more pronounced as fibroids grow.

Is it safe to live with fibroids?

For most women, fibroids do not pose a serious health risk and can be safely managed with proper medical oversight. However, the safety and impact of living with fibroids largely depend on factors such as size, number, location, and associated symptoms.

Small, asymptomatic fibroids generally do not require treatment and can be monitored through regular pelvic exams and ultrasounds to check for growth. In these cases, living with fibroids is typically safe.

Larger fibroids or those that cause significant symptoms may require intervention. Severe anaemia from heavy menstrual bleeding, for instance, can lead to fatigue and other health issues. Additionally, fibroids that put pressure on nearby organs can cause more severe complications such as urinary issues or bowel problems.

When should you seek treatment for fibroids?

Treatment is recommended when fibroids:

• Cause severe pain or heavy menstrual bleeding that affects daily life
• Lead to reproductive issues, including infertility or recurrent miscarriages
• Put pressure on other organs, causing urinary or bowel dysfunction

Treatment options range from medication to surgical procedures, depending on the severity and type of fibroids.

What are the different treatment options for fibroids?

1. Medications: Hormonal treatments can help manage symptoms, such as heavy bleeding and pelvic pain, but do not eliminate fibroids.
2. Non-invasive procedures: Options like MRI-guided focused ultrasound can shrink fibroids without surgery.
3. Minimally invasive surgeries: Techniques such as uterine artery embolisation (UAE) and laparoscopic myomectomy aim to remove or shrink fibroids while preserving the uterus.
4. Traditional surgery: In severe cases, procedures like a myomectomy (removal of fibroids) or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) may be necessary.

How to manage life with fibroids

Managing fibroids often includes a combination of lifestyle adjustments and medical care:

• Regular monitoring: Periodic check-ups help track any changes in fibroid size or symptoms.
• Diet and exercise: Maintaining a healthy weight and diet rich in fruits and vegetables can support overall uterine health.
• Symptom management: Over-the-counter pain relievers and heating pads can help manage mild pelvic pain.

Living with fibroids can be safe for many women, especially when fibroids are small and asymptomatic. However, seeking medical attention for fibroids that cause discomfort or complications is important. With a range of treatment options available, including non-invasive and surgical approaches, managing symptoms and improving quality of life is achievable. Consultation with a healthcare provider is key to developing a personalised treatment plan and ensuring long-term safety.