Managing lipid disorders during menopause

Women undergoing menopause often experience changes not only with their reproductive health but also regarding metabolic factors such as lipid levels. 

In this article, leading chemical pathologist and metabolic physician Dr Negar Maghsoodi addresses common questions to provide valuable insights into this important aspect of women's health.

What happens to lipid levels during menopause?

Menopause is associated with hormonal changes, particularly a decline in oestrogen levels. This hormonal shift can impact lipid metabolism, leading to changes in cholesterol levels. In many cases, there is an increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL or "bad" cholesterol) and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL or "good" cholesterol) during menopause.

Why does menopause affect lipid levels?

Oestrogen plays a role in maintaining a healthy lipid profile. Its decline during menopause can contribute to alterations in lipid metabolism. These changes may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, making it crucial to monitor and manage lipid levels during this life stage.

How can lipid disorders during menopause be managed?

Lifestyle modifications

Making healthy lifestyle choices is fundamental. This includes:

Diet

Adopting a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

Exercise

Regular physical activity helps maintain weight and promotes cardiovascular health.

Smoking cessation

Quitting smoking has numerous health benefits, including improved lipid profiles.

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):

HRT, which involves supplementing the body with oestrogen and sometimes progesterone, may be considered to address hormonal imbalances. However, the decision to use HRT should be individualised, taking into account the risks and benefits, and discussed with your healthcare provider.

Medications

In some cases, medications such as statins may be prescribed to manage elevated cholesterol levels. These should be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional.

Are there specific dietary recommendations for managing lipids during menopause?

Yes, adopting a heart-healthy diet is crucial. Consider the following dietary recommendations:

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Found in fatty fish like salmon, these can help lower triglycerides.

Soluble fibre

Foods like oats, beans, and fruits with soluble fibre can help lower LDL cholesterol.

Healthy fats

Include sources of healthy fats, such as avocados and nuts, in your diet.

Is weight management important for controlling lipid disorders during menopause?

Yes, maintaining a healthy weight is vital. Excess weight, especially around the abdomen, is associated with an increased risk of lipid disorders and cardiovascular disease. Adopting a well-balanced diet and engaging in regular physical activity can help achieve and maintain a healthy weight.

Can lipid disorders during menopause increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Yes, changes in lipid levels during menopause can contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Elevated LDL cholesterol, in particular, is a known risk factor. Managing lipid disorders is essential for overall cardiovascular health.

How often should lipid levels be monitored during menopause?

The frequency of monitoring may vary based on individual health status and risk factors. Generally, it is advisable to have regular lipid profile assessments, especially if there are existing cardiovascular risk factors or a family history of lipid disorders.

If you’re going through menopause and are concerned about your lipid levels, arrange a consultation with Dr Maghsoodi via her Top Doctors profile.