Psychosomatic skin problems (Part 2): How psychological techniques can help manage psychosomatic symptoms

The relationship between mental health and skin health is complex and, in some cases, psychosomatic in nature (connecting both mind and body).

Following on from the first part, renowned consultant health psychologist Dr Sue Peacock provides an expert insight into how psychological techniques and approaches can help manage psychosomatic symptoms, in this conclusion of a two-part series of articles on psychosomatic skin problems.

How can I establish if my symptoms are psychosomatic?

Determining if symptoms are psychosomatic can be a complex process that often requires the involvement of healthcare professionals.

It’s important to first undergo a thorough medical evaluation to rule out any underlying physical causes for your symptoms. This involves visiting a healthcare professional, such as a primary care physician or a specialist relevant to your symptoms (for example, a dermatologist for skin-related symptoms). A healthcare professional can conduct examinations, order tests, and review your medical history to identify any potential physical explanations.

If the medical evaluation doesn’t reveal any specific physical abnormalities or findings that can explain your symptoms, it may suggest the possibility of a psychosomatic component. This doesn’t mean that your symptoms aren’t real or significant, but rather, that they may be influenced by psychological or emotional factors.

Consulting a psychologist or psychiatrist can be helpful in assessing the psychological aspects of your symptoms. They can conduct interviews, evaluations, and assessments to explore your emotional wellbeing, stress levels, and potential psychological factors that are contributing to your symptoms.

Keep a record of your symptoms, noting any patterns or triggers that seem to coincide with changes in your emotional state or stress levels. This can help identify potential psychosomatic connections. For example, you may notice that your symptoms worsen during periods of increased stress or anxiety.

Reflect on any emotional or psychological factors that may be impacting your symptoms. Stress, anxiety, depression, trauma, or other psychological conditions can manifest through physical symptoms. Emotional distress can influence the body's physiological responses and contribute to symptoms like pain, fatigue, or gastrointestinal issues.

Ideally, your healthcare providers should work together to assess both the physical and psychological aspects of your symptoms. Collaboration between your primary care physician, specialists, and mental health professionals can provide a comprehensive healthcare approach.

Which psychological techniques can help to alleviate or manage these symptoms?

Several psychological techniques can be helpful in alleviating or managing psychosomatic symptoms.

Some commonly used approaches include:

• Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT): CBT is a widely used and evidence-based therapeutic approach that focuses on identifying and modifying unhelpful thoughts, beliefs, and behaviours. It can help people who have psychosomatic symptoms by addressing the psychological factors contributing to their symptoms. CBT aims to change negative thought patterns, manage stress, and develop effective coping strategies.
• Mindful-based stress reduction (MBSR): Mindfulness practices involve paying attention to the present moment in a non-judgmental manner. MBSR, specifically designed to reduce stress, incorporates mindfulness meditation, body awareness, and gentle movement. By practising mindfulness, people who have psychosomatic symptoms can develop greater awareness of their body and emotions, promoting relaxation and reducing the impact of stress on their symptoms.
• Learning-effective stress management techniques: Learning-effective stress management techniques can be crucial in managing psychosomatic symptoms. This may include identifying and addressing sources of stress, setting boundaries, prioritising self-care, engaging in activities that promote relaxation (for example, hobbies or exercise), and developing healthy coping mechanisms.
• Expression and processing of emotions: Encouraging the expression and processing of emotions can be valuable in managing psychosomatic symptoms. Engaging in talk therapy or journaling can help to explore and understand emotions, address any underlying psychological issues, and reduce the emotional burden that may contribute to the symptoms.
• Relaxation techniques: Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, or meditation can help manage stress and promote a sense of calm. These techniques can be particularly beneficial for people who are experiencing physical symptoms related to stress or anxiety.
• Having a support network: Building a strong support network and seeking psychosocial support can be beneficial. This may involve confiding in trusted friends or family members, joining support groups, or seeking professional counselling. Sharing experiences, gaining support, and receiving validation can help people who have psychosomatic symptoms to cope with their symptoms and overall wellbeing.

It’s important to know that the choice of psychological techniques may vary depending on each person, their specific symptoms, and their preferences. Working with a mental health professional, such as a psychologist or therapist, can provide personalised guidance and support in implementing these strategies effectively.

When should I see a specialist about psychosomatic skin problems?

All psychosomatic symptoms are real experiences and should be taken seriously. It’s essential to have an open and honest conversation with a healthcare provider to ensure that all aspects of health are considered and addressed appropriately.

If you're living with psychosomatic skin problems, don’t hesitate to reach out to Dr Sue Peacock via her Top Doctors profile today to receive expert advice and treatment.