Robotic prostatectomy and prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men, and treatment options vary depending on the stage of the disease, the patient's overall health, and their preferences. One of the most advanced surgical treatments available is robotic-assisted prostatectomy, a minimally invasive procedure that uses robotic technology to remove the prostate gland while preserving as much normal function as possible.

What is a robotic prostatectomy?

A robotic prostatectomy is a type of minimally invasive surgery where a surgeon uses a robotic system to perform the procedure with enhanced precision. The robotic arms are equipped with tiny surgical instruments, and a high-definition camera provides a magnified, 3D view of the surgical area.

The benefits of robotic-assisted prostatectomy include:

• Smaller incisions, leading to less scarring.
• Reduced blood loss during surgery.
• Shorter hospital stays and faster recovery.
• Improved precision, which may help preserve nerve function and reduce side effects like incontinence or erectile dysfunction.

When is robotic prostatectomy recommended?

This procedure is typically recommended for men with localised prostate cancer, meaning the cancer has not spread beyond the prostate gland. It may also be an option for certain patients with early-stage cancer who wish to explore minimally invasive treatment options.

What happens during robotic prostatectomy?

The surgery involves several key steps:

1. Anaesthesia: The patient is placed under general anaesthesia.
2. Incisions: Small incisions are made in the abdomen to allow the robotic arms and camera to be inserted.
3. Prostate removal: The robotic system is used to remove the prostate gland and any surrounding tissues or lymph nodes if necessary.
4. Reconstruction: The surgeon reconnects the bladder and urethra to allow normal urinary function.

What is recovery like after robotic prostatectomy?

• Hospital stay: Most patients are discharged within 24–48 hours.
• Catheter use: A urinary catheter is typically needed for about a week post-surgery.
• Return to activities: Many patients can resume light activities within 1–2 weeks, with full recovery in about 4–6 weeks.
• Follow-up care: Regular PSA (prostate-specific antigen) tests are performed to monitor for any signs of cancer recurrence.

Are there risks and side effects?

While robotic prostatectomy is generally safe, some potential risks include:

• Urinary incontinence: Temporary leakage is common during recovery, but most men regain control within a few months.
• Erectile dysfunction: Nerve-sparing techniques can help minimise this risk, though recovery varies by individual.
• Infection or bleeding: As with any surgery, these are possible but rare.

Is robotic prostatectomy worth it?

Robotic prostatectomy offers a highly effective treatment option for localised prostate cancer with fewer side effects and a quicker recovery compared to traditional open surgery. The precision of robotic systems allows surgeons to preserve critical structures, improving quality of life outcomes for patients.

Patients diagnosed with prostate cancer should consult with their urologist or oncologist to determine if robotic-assisted surgery is the most appropriate treatment option based on their specific circumstances. Combining advanced technology with expert surgical care, robotic prostatectomy has become a leading approach to managing prostate cancer effectively.