Understanding Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS): A surgeon's guide for patients

This expert guide on carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) by leading orthopaedic surgeon Mr Onur Berber is designed to provide valuable insights from a surgeon's perspective.

As a surgeon specialising in hand and wrist conditions, I aim to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of CTS, its causes, symptoms and potential treatment options.

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome affects the hand and wrist, and it’s a common condition. It occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the palm of the hand, becomes compressed or squeezed at the wrist within the carpal tunnel. This narrow passageway, surrounded by bones and ligaments, houses the median nerve and tendons that control finger movement.

What are the causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

CTS can result from various factors, including:

• Repetitive hand and wrist movements.
• Prolonged use of vibrating tools.
• Health conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis or thyroid disorders.
• Anatomic factors, such as the shape and size of the carpal tunnel.

What are the symptoms?

Recognising the symptoms of CTS is crucial for early intervention. Common signs include:

• Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers.
• Weakness in hand grip.
• Pain or discomfort in the wrist and hand, radiating up the forearm.
• Difficulty in performing fine motor tasks.

How is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome diagnosed?

If you suspect CTS, it's important to consult a healthcare professional. Diagnosis often involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and may include nerve conduction studies or electromyography to assess nerve function.

How is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome treated?

Non-surgical treatments

Initially, conservative approaches may be recommended:

• Rest and modification of activities.
• Wrist splints to keep the wrist in a neutral position.
• Anti-inflammatory medications.
• Physical therapy for strengthening and stretching exercises.

Surgical intervention

Surgical options may be considered when non-surgical treatments aren’t effective. As a surgeon, I may recommend a carpal tunnel release procedure, during which the ligament pressing on the median nerve is divided, relieving the pressure.

What’s involved in recovery and rehabilitation?

Post-surgery, a period of rehabilitation is essential. This may involve:

• Hand therapy to improve strength and flexibility.
• Gradual return to normal activities.
• Follow-up appointments to monitor progress.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a manageable condition with timely intervention. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options empowers you to make informed decisions about your health. If you're experiencing symptoms, consult with a healthcare professional, and together, we can work towards restoring comfort and functionality to your hands.

If you’re considering treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, arrange a consultation with Mr Berber via his Top Doctors profile.