An expert explanation of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
Written in association with:
Orthopaedic surgeon
Published: 26/01/2024
Edited by: Aoife Maguire
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Consultant orthopaedic surgeon Mr Ibrahim Roushdi is here to talk about the condition, including risk factors and treatment methods.
What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)?
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition that occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the hand, becomes compressed or squeezed at the wrist within the carpal tunnel. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway formed by bones and ligaments, and when it narrows or becomes inflamed, it can result in nerve compression, leading to various symptoms.
What are the most prevalent symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome
Pain: Carpal tunnel syndrome can cause anaching or sharp pain in the wrist or hand, which can radiate up the arm. Pain is usually worse at night and may wake you from sleep.
Numbness and tingling: CTS can cause numbness and tingling. This is classically in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and part of the ring finger. Many people feel the whole hand goes dead. This can occur during activities such as typing or holding a steering wheel.
Weakness: as the condition progresses, individuals may experience weakness in the affected hand, making it difficult to grasp objects or perform fine motor tasks.
Sensation changes: some individuals may notice changes in their ability to differentiate between hot and cold sensations in the affected hand.
What are the most common causes of carpal tunnel syndrome?
Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by the median nerve being squashed within the carpal tunnel. Most commonly we never really know why it happens in any given person. Some things that are associated with CTS are:
Medical conditions: certain medical conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid disorders can increase the risk of developing CTS.
Hormonal changes: hormonal changes during pregnancy or menopause can lead to fluid retention and increased pressure within the carpal tunnel.
Anatomy: some individuals may have a naturally narrower carpal tunnel, increasing their susceptibility to nerve compression.
What risk factors are linked to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome?
Several factors can increase the risk of developing CTS, including:
Gender: women are more likely to develop CTS than men, possibly due to differences in wrist anatomy and hormonal fluctuations.
Age: CTS tends to be more common in middle-aged and older individuals.
Family history: a family history of CTS may predispose individuals to the condition.
Obesity: being overweight or obese can increase the risk of CTS due to increased pressure on the median nerve.
Are there any non-surgical treatments and therapies which can be used to treat carpal tunnel syndrome?
Fortunately, many non-surgical treatments and therapies can help alleviate the symptoms of CTS and improve hand function. These include:
Wrist splints: Wearing a wrist splint at night can help keep the wrist in a neutral position, reducing pressure on the median nerve and relieving symptoms.
Physical therapy: Specific exercises and stretches can help strengthen the hand and wrist muscles while promoting better wrist posture.
Lifestyle Modifications: Making ergonomic adjustments to workstations can be beneficial.
Steroid Injections: A steroid injection in the carpal tunnel can help with the symptoms of mild to moderate CTS.
If you are suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome and would like to book a consultation with Mr Roushdi, simply visit his Top Doctor’s profile today.