What are disc implants?
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Published: 08/09/2017
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Disc prosthesis is a device that enables the biomechanical mobility and normality of the cervical and lumbar spine. They are implanted after a complete resection of a damaged disc, to regain the full function of said disc.
Disc prostheses are used in all cases of disc disease, such as degenerative disc disease and disc herniation.
Disc implants:
• maintain mobility
• maintain stability
• restore cervical and lumbar normal lordosis
• reduce disc degeneration of adjacent segments
• eliminate the need for of bone graft
• enable early postsurgical mobility
• enable early resumption of regular lifestyle
Prosthesis placement
1. The technique is a minimally invasive anterior cervical or lumbar approach. In the case of a lumbar disc superior to L4, the lateral approach (XLIF) is taken.
2. The damaged disc is operated on to complete the release of the medullary canal and nerve roots.
3. The disc space is prepared to be able to receive the prosthesis
4. The prosthesis with the correct size and angulation is selected
5. The prosthesis is implanted and verified radiologically to ensure correct placement
6. Intradermal sutures are used to close the wound and make the scar invisible.
Risks involved
Disc prosthesis surgery is considered low risk but minimal complications may occur:
• Bleeding (rare)
• Infections (rare)
• Damage to nerve structures (infrequent)
• Dural tear (infrequent)
• Injury to large vessels, oesophagus, trachea, intra-abdominal organs (exceptional)
Postoperative care
In the case of cervical surgery, hospital admission of 24-48 hours is required. There is minimal discomfort in the area of the surgical wound so absolute rest is not necessary. It is advisable to wear a soft collar for the first week for activities outside the home. The patient can return to work after 2 to 3 weeks after the surgery, depending on their type of work.
In case of lumbar surgery, hospital admission is for approximately 3-5 days. There is also minimal discomfort in a surgical wound area and rest is not necessary. Normal lifestyle can be resumed after 3-4 weeks.