Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test

What is analysed in an ALT test?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme found primarily in the liver. ALT plays a crucial role in the conversion of amino acids, specifically alanine, and helps in the production of energy.

 

What does the result mean?

The ALT test measures the level of this enzyme in the blood. Elevated ALT levels may indicate liver damage or disease, providing essential insights into liver health.

 

Why perform the analysis?

The ALT analysis is performed to assess liver function, diagnose liver diseases (such as hepatitis), monitor the effectiveness of treatment, and evaluate potential side effects of certain medications.

When should the analysis be performed?

ALT testing is commonly ordered as part of routine liver function panels during health check-ups. Additionally, it is requested when symptoms of liver dysfunction are present, like jaundice, fatigue, or unexplained abdominal pain.

 

What kind of sample is required?

A blood sample is required for ALT analysis. This is typically drawn from a vein in the arm using a needle.

 

Prior preparation

No specific preparation is usually necessary. However, it is essential to inform your healthcare provider about any medications, supplements, or herbal remedies you are taking, as they might affect the results.

 

How is it used?

ALT results, combined with other liver function tests, aid in diagnosing liver conditions. Monitoring ALT levels over time helps assess the progression or improvement of liver diseases.

 

Normal values and interpretation

Age Group

Normal ALT Range (IU/L)

Adults

7 to 56

Children

13 to 38

 

Altered values

High ALT Levels: Elevated levels may suggest liver injury or disease. Causes include hepatitis, cirrhosis, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Low ALT Levels: Uncommon, but could be due to malnutrition or a deficiency in vitamin B6.

 

The ALT analysis is a valuable tool in assessing liver health. Understanding the results, normal values, and potential implications helps healthcare providers make informed decisions regarding diagnosis and treatment. Regular monitoring of ALT levels is crucial for individuals at risk of liver diseases or those undergoing treatment that may impact liver function. If you have concerns about your ALT levels, consult with your healthcare provider for personalised guidance.