Ileostomy

What is an ileostomy?

An ileostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an opening, or stoma, in the abdominal wall to allow waste to exit the body bypassing the colon. This is typically performed when the colon or rectum is diseased or damaged. Conditions that require an ileostomy include inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, colorectal cancer, and congenital defects.

What happens during an ileostomy?

During an ileostomy, a surgeon removes or bypasses the diseased part of the intestine and brings the end of the ileum, the last part of the small intestine, through the abdominal wall. The stoma, usually located on the lower right side of the abdomen, provides a new path for waste material to leave the body. Patients will need to wear an external pouch to collect waste.

What are the different types of ileostomies?

There are different types of ileostomies, including end ileostomy and loop ileostomy. An end ileostomy is permanent and is performed when the colon and rectum are removed or need long-term rest. A loop ileostomy, often temporary, creates a stoma from a loop of the small intestine and is generally used to divert waste away from healing intestines.

What is it like for patients after an ileostomy procedure?

Living with an ileostomy requires adjustments. Patients must learn how to care for the stoma and manage the ostomy pouch. Ostomy care includes regular cleaning and maintenance of the stoma, ensuring the pouch is securely attached to avoid leaks, and monitoring for skin irritation.

Dietary changes might also be necessary, as certain foods can cause blockages or excessive gas. Most people can return to regular activities, including work and exercise, although they may need to avoid heavy lifting.