Understanding secondary glaucoma: what patients need to know

Secondary glaucoma is a type of glaucoma that develops as a result of another eye condition or external factor, such as injury, inflammation, or medication usage. It arises when these factors interfere with the normal drainage of fluid from the eye, leading to increased intraocular pressure and optic nerve damage. Distinguished consultant ophthalmologist Dr Olubunmi Ogunleye explains the condition, causes and treatment methods.

What is secondary glaucoma?

Glaucoma comprises various eye disorders leading to optic nerve damage, often caused by elevated pressure inside the eye. Secondary glaucoma refers to cases where the elevated eye pressure is a result of another underlying eye condition or external factor.

What are the causes of secondary glaucoma?

There are various factors that can lead to secondary glaucoma. These include eye injuries, certain medications like steroids, inflammation within the eye, and conditions such as diabetes. Additionally, certain eye surgeries or anatomical abnormalities can also contribute to secondary glaucoma.

What are the main signs and symptoms of secondary glaucoma?

One of the tricky aspects of glaucoma, including the secondary type, is that it often develops gradually and without noticeable symptoms until significant damage has occurred. However, some signs that warrant a visit to your eye specialist include gradual loss of peripheral vision, blurred vision, halos around lights, and eye pain or redness.

How can secondary glaucoma be diagnosed and treated?

Early detection is key in managing glaucoma effectively. Your eye doctor will conduct a comprehensive eye exam, which may include measuring your eye pressure, assessing the optic nerve, and evaluating your visual field. If secondary glaucoma is suspected, further tests such as imaging scans may be recommended.

Treatment for secondary glaucoma aims to lower the intraocular pressure and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. This may involve prescription eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity and underlying cause of the condition.

What preventive measures can I take?

While some risk factors for secondary glaucoma, such as genetic predisposition or certain medical conditions, may be beyond your control, there are steps you can take to potentially reduce your risk. These include attending regular eye check-ups, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet, protecting your eyes from injury, and following your doctor’s advice regarding medication use.

Remember, if you experience any changes in your vision or have concerns about your eye health, do not hesitate to reach out to your eye care professional for guidance and support. Your eyesight is precious, and it’s worth prioritising your eye health.

If you are concerned about secondary glaucoma and would like to book a consultation with Dr Ogunleye, simply visit her Top Doctors profile today.