A quick guide to medication for hot flashes

Hot flashes typically occur as a result of hormonal changes, specifically the decline in oestrogen levels that accompanies menopause.  They are experienced by many women during this natural transition, and they contribute to the range of physical and hormonal changes associated with the menopausal process. Distinguished menopause doctor Dr Nicola Davies provides a quick guide to hot flashes, including ways to get instant relief from the symptoms.

What are hot flashes?

Hot flashes are sudden sensations of heat that primarily affect the face, neck, and chest. They are often accompanied by sweating and a rapid heartbeat. Hot flashes are a hallmark symptom of menopause, resulting from hormonal changes, specifically a decrease in oestrogen levels.

However, they can also occur during perimenopause, the transitional phase leading up to menopause, as well as in certain medical conditions or as a side effect of certain medications.

What are some common triggers for hot flashes?

While the exact cause of hot flashes is still not fully understood, several common triggers have been identified. These include the following:

• Stress
• Spicy foods
• Alcohol
• Caffeine
• Smoking
• Tight clothing
• Warm environments

Identifying and avoiding these triggers can be a crucial step in managing hot flashes.

How can hormone replacement therapy work for relief from hot flashes?

Hormone replacement therapy

For immediate relief from hot flashes, there are medications that have proven effective. hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a common approach involving the use of oestrogen and sometimes progesterone to balance hormonal levels, alleviate symptoms and improve the overall quality of life for women experiencing the transitional phase.

Here's how HRT works for relief from hot flashes:

Oestrogen supplementation: The primary component of HRT is oestrogen replacement. By providing the body with exogenous oestrogen, HRT compensates for the natural decline in oestrogen levels during menopause.

Stabilising hormonal fluctuations: Hormonal fluctuations, especially the sharp decline in oestrogen, are associated with the occurrence of hot flashes. HRT helps stabilize these hormonal changes, reducing the frequency and intensity of hot flashes.

Improving vascular stability: Oestrogen has a vasodilatory effect, meaning it helps widen blood vessels. Hot flashes are believed to be related to the sudden dilation of blood vessels, leading to the sensation of heat. HRT helps maintain vascular stability, potentially reducing the severity of hot flashes.

Regulating body temperature: Oestrogen has a role in the body's thermoregulatory mechanisms. By supplementing oestrogen, HRT assists in maintaining more consistent body temperature, which can mitigate the onset of hot flashes.

What non-hormonal medications can be used for relief from hot flashes?

Several non-hormonal medications have demonstrated effectiveness in alleviating hot flashes, including the following:

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Antidepressants like venlafaxine and paroxetine have been found to reduce the frequency and intensity of hot flashes.

Gabapentin: Originally an antiseizure medication, gabapentin has demonstrated effectiveness in decreasing hot flashes, making it a non-hormonal alternative for managing these symptoms.

Clonidine: Typically prescribed for high blood pressure, clonidine has also shown promise in reducing the frequency and severity of hot flashes. Its mechanism of action involves affecting certain brain receptors that play a role in temperature regulation.

It is crucial to consult with a doctor to determine the most suitable non-hormonal option based on individual health factors and medical history.

How to get instant relief from hot flashes

Aside from medication, there are lifestyle changes and alternative approaches that can contribute to managing hot flashes effectively:

Cooling techniques: You should keep your living environment cool, use fans, and dress in layers to easily regulate body temperature.

Mind-Body techniques: Practices such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises can help manage stress and reduce the frequency of hot flashes.

Healthy lifestyle choices: Maintain a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and avoid triggers like spicy foods, caffeine, and alcohol.

Acupuncture and herbal remedies: Some women find relief through acupuncture or herbal supplements, but it is essential to consult with a doctor before trying these options.

Stay hydrated: Adequate hydration can help regulate body temperature and reduce the severity of hot flashes.

If you would like a consultation with Dr Davies, do not hesitate to do so by visiting her Top Doctors profile today.