Busting myths and managing hernias: what you need to know

Hernias are a common medical condition, yet there’s a lot of confusion surrounding their causes, treatment, and management. Many myths persist about who can develop a hernia, how serious they are, and whether they always require surgery.

In this article, we’ll clarify these misconceptions, answer some of the most frequently asked questions, and provide useful information on how to manage hernias effectively.

What is a hernia?

A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. This can happen in various areas of the body, but the most common types include inguinal (groin), umbilical (belly button), and hiatal hernias (stomach).

What are the common myths about hernias?

• Is it true that hernias only happen to older adults? Hernias can affect individuals of all ages, including infants and young children. While the risk may increase with age due to the natural weakening of muscles, lifestyle factors, obesity, and certain medical conditions also play significant roles.
• Do hernias always require surgery? While surgical intervention is common and often recommended, especially for symptomatic hernias, not all hernias need immediate surgery. Some small or asymptomatic hernias can be monitored over time without intervention.
• Can a hernia heal on its own? Unfortunately, hernias do not resolve on their own. Without treatment, they may become larger and potentially lead to complications such as incarceration or strangulation, which are serious and require urgent medical attention.

What are the signs and symptoms of a hernia?

Common symptoms include:

• A noticeable bulge or swelling in the affected area, often more visible when standing or straining.
• Discomfort or pain, particularly when lifting heavy objects, bending, or coughing.
• A burning or aching sensation at the bulge site.

If you experience sudden pain, nausea, or vomiting along with the bulge, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately.

How are hernias diagnosed?

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare professional. In some cases, imaging tests such as ultrasounds or CT scans may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis and assess the hernia's size and location.

What are the treatment options for hernias?

Non-surgical options

• Watchful waiting: for small or asymptomatic hernias, doctors may recommend monitoring the condition without immediate surgery.
• Supportive garments: in some cases, wearing a truss or binder can provide temporary relief by supporting the hernia.

Surgical options

• Open surgery: the surgeon makes a larger incision to push the protruding tissue back into place and repair the abdominal wall.
• Laparoscopic surgery: a minimally invasive approach using smaller incisions and a camera, allowing for quicker recovery times and less postoperative pain.

What lifestyle changes can help manage a hernia?

Making certain lifestyle adjustments can help manage hernias and prevent complications:

• Maintain a healthy weight: obesity can increase pressure on the abdominal wall, leading to hernias.
• Avoid heavy lifting: if heavy lifting is necessary, use proper techniques and consider asking for help.
• Incorporate gentle exercises: strengthening core muscles can help support the abdominal wall. Consult a healthcare provider for suitable exercises.

When should you seek medical advice?

If you suspect you have a hernia or are experiencing any related symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and discussion of treatment options.