How are psychosomatic disorders normally treated?

In this article, highly regarded private GP, Dr Tim Russell, provides us with a fascinating insight into psychosomatic disorders, and how and why they manifest.

What are psychosomatic disorders?

Psychosomatic disorders, where psychological factors significantly influence physical symptoms, can be challenging to manage. These conditions often manifest as real, often debilitating, physical symptoms without an identifiable medical cause. Common examples include chronic pain, gastrointestinal issues, and cardiovascular problems. Effective management requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both the mind and the body.

What conditions fall under the psychosomatic disorder category?

Psychosomatic disorders arise from the intricate interplay between mind and body. Emotional stress, anxiety, and depression can trigger or exacerbate physical symptoms. The physical manifestations are not imaginary but are genuinely experienced by the patient. This mind-body connection underscores the importance of addressing both psychological and physical aspects in treatment.

How are psychosomatic disorders normally treated?

1. Psychotherapy: Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is highly effective in treating psychosomatic disorders. CBT helps patients recognise and modify negative thought patterns and behaviours that contribute to their symptoms. It also provides coping strategies to manage stress and anxiety.
2. Medication: Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications can be beneficial, especially when symptoms are linked to mental health conditions. These medications can help alleviate the psychological distress that contributes to physical symptoms.
3. Stress management techniques: Practices such as mindfulness meditation, yoga, and deep-breathing exercises can significantly reduce stress levels. These techniques promote relaxation and can help patients gain better control over their physical symptoms.
4. Regular physical activity: Exercise is a natural stress reliever and can improve overall physical health. Regular physical activity can help reduce symptoms and improve mood, providing a dual benefit for those with psychosomatic disorders.
5. Education and support: Educating patients about the nature of psychosomatic disorders is crucial. Understanding that their symptoms are real but influenced by psychological factors can reduce stigma and promote a more proactive approach to treatment. Support groups can also provide a sense of community and shared experience.
6. Holistic approaches: Integrative therapies such as acupuncture, massage, and biofeedback can complement conventional treatments. These therapies can help alleviate physical symptoms and promote overall well-being.
7. Healthy lifestyle choices: Encouraging a healthy diet, adequate sleep, and avoiding alcohol and drugs can improve both physical and mental health. Lifestyle modifications can play a significant role in managing symptoms.