Spinal injections: A minimally invasive pain relief option

Spinal injections, also known as epidural steroid injections (ESIs), are a common treatment used to relieve pain originating from the spine. This procedure involves injecting a combination of corticosteroids and anaesthetics into the epidural space, the area surrounding the spinal cord and its nerves. It is often used to address issues such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and sciatica, which cause pain by compressing or irritating the spinal nerves.

Types of spinal injections

There are several types of spinal injections, each tailored to the location and nature of the pain:

1. Epidural injections: These target the area around the spinal cord and nerves to reduce inflammation and pain, particularly in conditions like lumbar or cervical radiculopathy.

2. Facet joint injections: These are used to treat pain in the facet joints, which connect the vertebrae and provide stability to the spine.

3. Sacroiliac joint injections: Aimed at the sacroiliac joints, which link the pelvis and spine, these injections alleviate lower back and leg pain.

4. Selective nerve root blocks (SNRB): These are used to diagnose and treat specific nerve roots that are causing pain.

The procedure

The process of a spinal injection is minimally invasive and usually performed under local anesthesia with the assistance of imaging techniques such as fluoroscopy (X-ray guidance) to ensure precise placement of the needle. The corticosteroid works by reducing inflammation around the affected nerves, while the anesthetic provides immediate, albeit temporary, pain relief.

Benefits and risks

Spinal injections can offer significant relief, particularly for patients with chronic pain who have not responded well to other treatments like physical therapy or medication. The effects typically last for a few weeks to several months, allowing patients to engage more effectively in rehabilitation.

While spinal injections are generally safe, they do carry some risks, including infection, nerve damage, and allergic reactions. However, for many, the benefits of reduced pain and improved mobility outweigh the potential downsides.

In summary, spinal injections are a valuable, non-surgical option for managing spinal-related pain, offering relief and improved quality of life for those affected.