The warning signs of early skin cancer
Escrito por:Early detection of skin cancer is crucial for successful treatment. Recognising the warning signs can make a significant difference in outcomes. Skin cancer often begins with subtle changes that may be overlooked, so understanding what to look for can help identify potential issues early on.
What are the types of skin cancer?
The most common types of skin cancer include:
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC): Typically slow-growing, it often appears as a shiny bump or a sore that doesn’t heal.
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): This type may present as a scaly patch, red bump, or an ulcer that doesn’t resolve.
- Melanoma: A more aggressive form of skin cancer that often develops in existing moles or as a new dark spot on the skin.
Melanoma poses the greatest risk of spreading to other parts of the body, so early detection is particularly important.
What are the warning signs of skin cancer?
The early signs of skin cancer can vary depending on the type, but there are some key symptoms to watch for:
General warning signs
- A sore that doesn’t heal within a few weeks.
- Changes in the size, shape, or colour of a mole or skin lesion.
- Itching, tenderness, or pain in a specific spot.
- Persistent redness, swelling, or irritation around a lesion.
The ABCDE rule for melanoma
Melanoma is often identified using the ABCDE rule:
- A – Asymmetry: One half of the mole or lesion doesn’t match the other.
- B – Border: Edges are irregular, scalloped, or poorly defined.
- C – Colour: Uneven shades of brown, black, red, white, or blue.
- D – Diameter: Larger than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser).
- E – Evolving: Any change in size, shape, colour, or symptoms like bleeding or itching.
What should I do if I notice any of the warning signs of skin cancer?
If you observe any of the warning signs, it’s important to act quickly:
- Perform regular skin checks: Examine your skin, including less visible areas like the scalp, soles of the feet, and under the nails.
- Consult a dermatologist: Seek professional advice if you notice any suspicious changes. Dermatologists can perform a detailed skin examination using dermoscopy, a specialised tool to assess lesions.
- Biopsy for confirmation: If needed, a small tissue sample may be taken to confirm whether a lesion is cancerous.
How can skin cancer be prevented?
Preventing skin cancer involves minimising exposure to harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays and protecting your skin:
- Use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, even if it’s a cloudy day.
- Wear protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses when outdoors.
- Avoid tanning beds and prolonged sun exposure.
- Perform regular skin self-examinations to spot any changes early.
Early detection of skin cancer is vital for effective treatment and better outcomes. By staying vigilant and recognising the warning signs, you can seek medical advice promptly. If you notice any unusual changes to your skin, consult a dermatologist for evaluation and guidance.
