Understanding and managing ankle injuries: A guide for athletes

In her latest online article, renowned consultant orthopaedic surgeon Mrs Natasha Hossain delves into sports injuries of the ankle, shedding light on common issues, causes, and how best to manage them.

Anatomy of the ankle

Before we explore ankle injuries, let's briefly understand the ankle's anatomy. The ankle joint is a complex structure comprising three bones: the tibia, fibula, and talus. Ligaments, strong bands of tissue, connect these bones and provide stability to the joint. Any disruption in this intricate system can lead to ankle injuries.

What kind of ankle injuries are commonly sustained during sports?

Sprains - A sprained ankle is one of the most prevalent injuries, occurring when the ligaments are stretched or torn. This often happens during sudden twists or turns, causing pain and swelling. Ligaments play a crucial role in maintaining joint stability, and a sprain can compromise this stability.

Fractures - Fractures involve a break in one or more bones – and is common in the ankle. This can happen due to a significant force, such as a fall or a collision. Fractures may result in immediate pain, swelling, and difficulty in bearing weight on the affected ankle.

Tendon injuries - Tendons connect muscles to bones, allowing joint movement. Ankle tendon injuries, commonly referred to as tendonitis, can occur due to overuse or repetitive stress. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the ankle. However, the Achilles tendon is prone to ruptures and needs immediate medical attention.

Causes of ankle injuries - Understanding the causes of ankle injuries is crucial for prevention. Accidents, sports activities, and inadequate footwear are common culprits. Ankle injuries can affect anyone, from athletes to those leading a sedentary lifestyle.

Managing ankle injuries

Rest and ice - In the initial stages of an ankle injury, rest is paramount. I would encourage you to weight bear on the affected ankle, do range of movement exercises on that ankle and apply ice to reduce swelling. This simple yet effective approach can significantly aid in the recovery process.

Elevation – Avoid compression stockings or tubigrip to reduce swelling. Keep the leg elevated  (elevate the toes to the level of your nose) i.e above the heart level helps reduce swelling by aiding fluid drainage.

Seek professional advice - If you suspect a severe ankle injury,  are struggling to weight bear or have gross ankle swelling , then it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional. They can provide a precise diagnosis, recommend imaging studies if necessary, and guide you on a tailored treatment plan.

In conclusion, understanding the intricacies of ankle injuries is pivotal for timely intervention and effective management. By incorporating these insights, you can take proactive steps towards maintaining the health and stability of your ankles.

Mrs Natasha Hossain is a renowned consultant orthopaedic surgeon based in Greater London (Surrey) & Brighton (East Sussex). If you would like to book a consultation with Mrs Hossain, you can do so today via her Top Doctors profile.