Breast cancer: Can losing weight bolster treatment and improve quality of life?

In this article below, esteemed consultant medical and clinical oncologist, Dr Shiroma De Silva-Minor, outlines the various benefits of losing weight for breast cancer patients. 

What are the main health benefits of losing weight for breast cancer patients?

As a breast oncologist, I am aware of numerous health benefits that weight loss can provide for breast cancer patients. Here are some potential benefits:

1. Reduced risk of cancer recurrence: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality. Weight loss may help reduce this risk by reducing the production of oestrogen, which can fuel the growth of hormone receptor positive cancers in particular.  
2. Improved response to cancer treatments: Some studies have suggested that overweight and obese breast cancer patients may not respond as well to certain cancer treatments. For example, anti-oestrogen therapy, which is commonly used to treat hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, may be less effective in obese patients. Obesity is associated with higher levels of circulating oestrogen, which can promote the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Research also suggests that drug metabolism and absorption rates may be different in obese patients.  Weight loss may improve the effectiveness of these treatments and improve overall outcomes.
3. Improved cardiovascular health: Weight loss can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is a leading cause of death in breast cancer survivors, especially as some treatments for breast cancer such as anthracycline chemotherapy and radiotherapy (particularly to the left breast or chest wall) can increase risk of heart disease. Other cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol, can also be improved with weight loss.
4. Improved quality of life: Weight loss can improve overall quality of life by reducing fatigue, improving mood, and increasing energy levels. This can be especially important for breast cancer patients, who may experience fatigue and other side effects of cancer treatment.
5. Reduced risk of other health problems: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of many chronic health problems, such as Type 2 diabetes, arthritis, and sleep apnoea. Weight loss can reduce the risk of these problems and improve overall health.

Is a crash diet or sudden weight loss advisable for breast cancer patients?

It's important to note that weight loss should be approached in a healthy, sustainable way, with realistic goals, and in conjunction with discussions and support from your doctor. Crash diets and rapid weight loss can be harmful and may not provide long-term benefits or be sustainable. A doctor or registered dietitian can help develop a safe and effective weight loss plan for breast cancer patients.

To book an appointment with Dr Shiroma De Silva-Minor, simply visit her Top Doctors profile today.