An expert guide to gastric sleeve surgery for weight loss

Gastric sleeve surgery, also known as sleeve gastrectomy, is a common bariatric surgical procedure that can help people with obesity and related health conditions achieve significant weight loss.

Dr Antanas Mickevicius, renowned bariatric surgeon and consultant upper GI surgeon, provides an expert insight into gastric sleeve surgery, addressing questions regarding candidacy, the procedure itself, and the expected weight loss.

Who is a candidate for gastric sleeve surgery?

Gastric sleeve surgery is generally recommended for people who meet specific criteria. The following factors are commonly considered:

• Obesity classification: Gastric sleeve surgery is typically recommended for people with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher. It may also be considered for people with a BMI of 35 or higher who have obesity-related health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or sleep apnoea.
• Previous weight loss attempts: Candidates are often required to demonstrate a history of attempts to lose weight through traditional methods, such as diet and exercise. This helps ensure that gastric sleeve surgery is viewed as a viable option for long-term weight management.

Additionally, while there is no strict age limit, gastric sleeve surgery is typically recommended for adults between the ages of 18 and 65.

How is gastric sleeve surgery performed?

Gastric sleeve surgery involves the surgical removal of a significant portion of the stomach. Before the procedure, you will typically undergo medical evaluations, including blood tests, imaging tests, and psychological assessments.

Gastric sleeve surgery is performed under general anaesthesia and is typically done laparoscopically (using small incisions). During surgery, several small incisions will be made in the abdominal wall, typically four to five, allowing your surgeon to insert a laparoscope and other surgical instruments.

Approximately 75-80% of the stomach will then be removed, leaving a small, sleeve-shaped structure. This smaller stomach will limit the production of hunger hormones and restrict food intake, leading to a feeling of fullness with less food.

Are there any risks or complications involved?

As with any surgical procedure, gastric sleeve surgery carries certain risks and potential complications. Common risks associated with gastric sleeve surgery include infection, bleeding, and blood clots. More specific and long-term complications include leakage from the staple line, weight regain after surgery, and possible malabsorption of essential nutrients.

How long is the recovery process after?

After surgery, you will be monitored for 1 to 2 days in the hospital. Initial dietary guidelines include a liquid diet that gradually transitions to pureed foods and eventually to solid foods over several weeks.

Full recovery from gastric sleeve surgery may take 4 to 6 weeks. You will be encouraged to gradually increase physical activity during this time, but high-impact exercises should be avoided until cleared by your surgeon.

What can I expect in terms of weight loss?

One of the primary goals of gastric sleeve surgery is to facilitate significant weight loss. Many people see rapid weight loss in the first six months post-surgery, which typically slows down in the following months. On average, you can expect to lose 50% to 70% of your excess weight within the first year following the procedure.

It’s essential, however, for you to have realistic expectations regarding weight loss. Gastric sleeve surgery is a tool to aid in weight management, but it’s not a guarantee of success without a long-term commitment to lifestyle changes, including maintaining a balanced diet and engaging in regular exercise. Furthermore, regular follow-up appointments with your surgeon are crucial for monitoring weight loss progress and nutritional intake.

If you would like to book an appointment with Dr Antanas Mickevicius, head on over to his Top Doctors profile today.