The warning signs of an overactive thyroid

Written in association with: Professor Miles Levy
Published: | Updated: 10/07/2023
Edited by: Carlota Pano

Feeling anxiety, sensitivity to heat, and shakiness are some of the symptoms of an overactive thyroid. Has someone in your family been diagnosed with this condition? You could also be at risk.

In this article, leading consultant endocrinologist, Dr Miles Levy, provides an expert insight into this condition, explaining what exactly is an overactive thyroid, what are the warning signs to watch out for, and if an overactive thyroid can be prevented.

 

 

 

What is an overactive thyroid?

An overactive thyroid, also known as hyperthyroidism, occurs when the thyroid gland, which sits in the neck by the Adams Apple, produces too much thyroid hormone, leading to an increase in the rate of the body’s metabolism. Common symptoms include anxiety, shaking, increase in heart rate, feeling hot and sweaty, reduced sleep, and weight loss, but there are many others. Not everyone experiences all of these symptoms, and sometimes it is picked up by a routine blood test as a surprise finding.

 

What causes an overactive thyroid gland?

The most common cause of an overactive thyroid is an auto-immune disease, meaning that the body’s immune system produces antibodies that make the thyroid gland work harder. This usually occurs in young women, but it can be seen in men as well as in older people. An overactive thyroid gland can also be caused by benign lumps in the thyroid (called nodules), which can be single or multiple. It may be possible to see or feel an enlarged thyroid gland, because it is instantly recognisable as it moves up and down when swallowing.

 

What are early warning signs of an overactive thyroid?

The first symptoms usually include: feeling not quite right, hot and sweaty, anxious with a fast heart rate, weight loss despite a normal appetite, and some people experience shaking hands and difficulty falling asleep. With the auto-immune form, patients may notice that their eyes feel gritty and inflamed, and sometimes the eyes will protrude and have a starting appearance. This condition is sometimes called Graves’ disease, because it was first described by a doctor called Robert Graves.

 

Can I prevent an overactive thyroid?

Not really. If there is a family history or previous history of thyroid disease, then it can be diagnosed early by recognising the symptoms and having a blood test for thyroid function. Sometimes, stress, life events, or viral infections, can trigger an overactive thyroid, but this is not possible to predict or prevent. Certain medication can also cause an overactive thyroid; most commonly amiodarone, which is used for heart conditions. Sometimes pregnancy can trigger an overactive thyroid after delivery.

 

Does overactive thyroid run in families?

Yes, it does, more often in the female side of the family. It is not a condition where you can predict if someone will get an overactive thyroid, but often, there are family members who have the same problem.

 

Who is at risk for overactive thyroid?

Patients with a family history of thyroid disease or other auto-immune diseases, such as Type 1 diabetes, coeliac disease, or inflammatory arthritis, are at risk of auto-immune thyroid disease. Patients on amiodarone are at risk of either, an under or an overactive thyroid. Thyroid problems can also occur after pregnancy. Anyone who has unexplained symptoms and doesn’t feel right, should have a thyroid blood test, because an overactive thyroid can present itself with non-classical general symptoms that can be difficult to pin down. It is an easy diagnosis to make with a blood test and also very easy to treat, with tablets in the first instance. 

 

Dr Miles Levy is a highly experienced consultant endocrinologist based in Leicester, who specialises in various endocrine conditions, including adrenal gland disorders, the thyroid and parathyroid gland, and pituitary tumours. If you’re worried about an overactive thyroid and wish to seek expert advice, make sure to visit his Top Doctors profile today.

By Professor Miles Levy
Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism

Professor Miles Levy is a consultant endocrinologist at  The University Hospital of Leicester and an Honorary Associate Professor at Leicester University. He specialises in adrenal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, male endocrinology, female endocrinology, and endocrine tumours. Dr Levy sees patients with the full range of endocrine conditions and is also a general physician, continuing to do acute general medical on calls and giving urgent specialist advice for endocrine conditions. 

Professor Levy’s NHS practice is at Leicester Royal Infirmary where he is a full-time consultant, and he does endocrinology research at Leicester University. He runs a research programme looking at the role of circulating DNA is diagnosing endocrine tumours. His main research interests include pituitary and adrenal tumours, and the genetics of endocrine disease. Dr Levy qualified in 1994 from the Royal London Hospital, trained as a specialist endocrinologist in London, where he also did his research MD before moving to Leicester.

Professor Levy specialises in all aspects of general and specialist endocrinology. He is well known in pituitary disease, writes numerous books and chapters in pituitary disorders, and does international work in areas of pituitary endocrinology. He has appeared on local and national radio numerous times regarding thyroid disease and is published in the role of virtual clinics and hyperthyroidism. He writes the UHL guidelines for calcium and parathyroid disorders and is the lead endocrinologist for the joint calcium-parathyroid surgical clinic in Leicester. He runs a busy female and male endocrine reproductive service in UHL and works closely with gynaecology and andrology colleagues both within Leicester and around the UK for specialist care. Dr Levy has an interest in disorders of the pancreas, adrenal cortex and medulla, running a busy adrenal clinic joint with the HPB surgeons in UHL. He works closely with the Clinical Genetics and Paediatric Endocrinology services to ensure a joined-up clinical experience for patients and their families. Dr. Levy also runs an endocrine investigation unit for complex tests, and his specialist endocrine nurse offers dynamic endocrine investigation in the private sector.

Dr Levy contributes to the world of endocrinology outside treating patients in order to improve endocrine services in the NHS and elsewhere, and is committed to the training of specialist endocrinologists. Amongst other past and present activities, Dr Levy is the Training Programme Director Diabetes and Endocrinology, Chair of the East Midlands Endocrine Society, Editor in Chief of the lead UK Endocrinology Website ‘You and Your Hormones’, Clinical Committee and Public Engagement Committee for Society for Endocrinology (SfE). Dr Levy is the media advisor for the SfE, having appeared on local BBC and national radio about a range of endocrine conditions and presenting several podcasts on endocrinology. He is very active in under- and post-graduate education; he co-writes the endocrinology chapter for main medical school textbook (Kumar & Clarke) and is co-author of Endocrinology at a Glance. Dr Levy is editor of the pituitary section of ‘EndoText’, a global online resource, and is the education lead for endocrinology at Leicester Medical School. He gives regular lectures locally, regionally and nationally, and co-wrote the UK undergraduate curriculum.

View Profile

Overall assessment of their patients


  • Related procedures
  • Alopecia
    Hyperhidrosis
    Eating disorders
    Erectile dysfunction
    Menopause
    Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
    Hypertension (high blood pressure)
    Infertility
    Disorder of sexual desire of man
    Clinical nutrition
    This website uses our own and third-party Cookies to compile information with the aim of improving our services, to show you advertising related to your preferences as well analysing your browsing habits. You can change your settings HERE.