Eyelid lumps and bumps: A comprehensive guide

As a medical professional, I often encounter patients concerned about lumps or bumps on their eyelids. While these can be alarming, it's essential to understand that they often have benign causes and can be effectively managed. Revered consultant ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgeon Ms Aoife Naughton provides a guide to the various types of eyelid lumps and bumps, their causes, and what you can do about them.

What are eyelid lumps and bumps?

Eyelid lumps and bumps refer to any abnormal growth or swelling on the eyelid. They can manifest in different sizes and shapes, ranging from small pimples to larger cysts. These growths can occur on the upper or lower eyelid and may be accompanied by symptoms such as pain, redness, or itching.

Common causes

Several factors can contribute to the development of eyelid lumps and bumps:

Styes: These are small, painful lumps that form at the base of the eyelashes or within the eyelid. Styes are typically caused by bacterial infection of the oil glands in the eyelid.

Chalazion: Similar to a stye, a chalazion is a bump that develops when an oil gland in the eyelid becomes blocked. However, unlike a stye, a chalazion is usually painless and may grow larger over time.

Xanthelasma: These are yellowish plaques that form on the eyelids and are often associated with high cholesterol levels. Xanthelasma is benign but may indicate an increased risk of heart disease.

Cysts: Eyelid cysts can develop when oil or sweat glands become blocked, leading to the accumulation of fluid or debris. These cysts are typically painless but may cause cosmetic concerns.

Skin cancer: The eyelids can be a site for skin cancer to develop. Skin type and history of sun exposure are risk factors for developing skin cancers on the eyelid. These can most commonly be successfully managed with surgery, with early intervention improving outcomes.

When to seek medical attention

While many eyelid lumps and bumps resolve on their own or with home remedies, some may require medical attention. You should consult a healthcare professional if:

• The lump is increasing in size or causing persistent discomfort.
• Ulceration or bleeding from the lump should prompt timely medical review.
• There is redness, swelling, or discharge from the lump.
• The bump affects your vision or eyelid function.

Treatment options

The treatment for eyelid lumps and bumps depends on the underlying cause. In many cases, simple home remedies such as warm compresses or eyelid hygiene practices can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing. However, more persistent or bothersome growths may require medical intervention, including antibiotics, steroid injections, or surgical removal.

Final thoughts

While eyelid lumps and bumps can be concerning, most are benign and easily treatable. Occasionally however, if persistent, they may represent a more serious cause, such as a skin cancer. By understanding the common causes and knowing when to seek medical advice, you can effectively manage these issues and maintain the health of your eyes and eyelids. If you have any concerns about a lump or bump on your eyelid, do not hesitate to consult a healthcare professional for guidance and support.

If you would like to book a consultation with Ms Naughton, you can do so by visiting her Top Doctors profile today.