Surgery for hip arthritis

Hip arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis, can lead to significant pain and reduced mobility, affecting daily life. When non-surgical treatments such as medications, physiotherapy and lifestyle changes are no longer effective, surgery may be recommended to alleviate pain and restore function in the hip joint.

When is surgery for hip arthritis necessary?

Surgery is usually considered for hip arthritis when:

• Pain becomes severe and persistent, affecting quality of life.
• Mobility is significantly reduced, making walking or other activities difficult.
• Non-surgical treatments (pain relief medications, steroid injections, physical therapy) no longer provide relief.
• There is significant joint damage visible on X-rays or scans.

What types of surgery are available for hip arthritis?

There are several surgical options available to treat hip arthritis, depending on the severity of the condition, the patient’s age, and overall health:

• Total hip replacement: This is the most common surgery for advanced hip arthritis. The damaged hip joint is replaced with an artificial joint (prosthesis) made of metal, plastic, or ceramic components. Total hip replacement can provide long-term pain relief and restore mobility.
• Hip resurfacing: In this procedure, the damaged surfaces of the hip joint are replaced with a metal cap rather than removing the entire joint. It’s typically used in younger, more active patients as an alternative to total hip replacement.
• Osteotomy: This involves cutting and realigning the bones around the hip joint to redistribute weight and reduce stress on the joint. It may delay the need for a total hip replacement in some patients.
• Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive surgery where small instruments are inserted into the hip to remove damaged cartilage, smooth the bone surfaces, or repair labral tears. It’s usually recommended for early-stage arthritis.

Recovery after hip arthritis surgery

Recovery from hip surgery varies depending on the procedure. After a total hip replacement, for example, patients can typically expect:

• A hospital stay for two to five days.
• Physical therapy to restore strength and mobility, starting the day after surgery.
• Walking with assistance (crutches or walker) for several weeks.
• Full recovery can take three to six months, though many patients experience significant pain relief earlier.

What are the potential benefits of surgery for hip arthritis?

• Pain relief: The primary goal of surgery is to relieve chronic pain caused by hip arthritis.
• Improved mobility: Many patients regain the ability to walk, climb stairs, and engage in other activities they were unable to do before surgery.
• Enhanced quality of life: Surgery can restore independence and improve the overall quality of life for individuals with severe hip arthritis.

What are the risks of surgery for hip arthritis?

As with any surgery, there are risks involved, such as infection, blood clots or dislocation of the new joint. However, advances in surgical techniques and post-operative care have made hip surgeries safer and more effective. Patients should discuss potential risks and benefits with their surgeon to make an informed decision.

Surgery for hip arthritis offers significant relief for those suffering from chronic hip pain, helping them regain mobility and live a more active, pain-free life.