Ultrasound therapy for a blocked milk duct

A blocked milk duct can cause significant discomfort for breastfeeding mothers. It occurs when milk is unable to flow freely through the duct due to local inflammation, which causes a narrowing of the duct, leading to swelling, pain, and sometimes the formation of a lump. The conservative treatment of blockages include cold compress with ice packs (warm compresses used to be recommended but we now understand that the cause of a blockage is inflammation, which shouldn’t be treated with heat) frequent feeding an gentle lymphatic drainage massage. Ultrasound therapy is a fairly new treatment modality, which offers an advanced solution for stubborn or recurrent blockages, engorgement and mastitis. 

What causes a blocked milk duct?

Blocked milk ducts usually occur when milk builds up in the breast due to:

• Infrequent breastfeeding or pumping.
• Incorrect latch or feeding position.
• Pressure on the breast from tight clothing or sleeping positions.
• Stress, fatigue or dehydration affecting milk flow.

If untreated, a blocked duct may develop into mastitis, a painful infection, often requiring antibiotics.

How does ultrasound therapy work?

Ultrasound therapy is a non-invasive treatment that uses high-frequency sound waves to target the blockage. This therapy:

• Reduces blockages: The sound waves create gentle vibrations that help dislodge thickened milk within the duct.
• Reduces inflammation: It soothes the surrounding tissue, relieving pain and swelling.
• Stimulates milk flow: Encourages the milk to flow freely through the duct.
• Reduces oedema (fluid buildup around the ducts leading to further narrowing). 

What to expect during ultrasound therapy

A typical ultrasound therapy session involves:

• Preparation: The affected area is exposed, and a conductive gel is applied to ensure effective sound wave transmission.
• Application: A small ultrasound device is placed on the blocked duct and moved gently in circular motions.
• Duration: Each session typically lasts 10 to 15 minutes, depending on the size of the affected area. 

The treatment is pain free, and most mothers report relief after one to three sessions.

Who can benefit from ultrasound therapy?

Ultrasound therapy is especially useful for:

• Mothers experiencing blocked ducts, engorgement and mastitis. 
• Those who have not found relief with traditional methods. 
• Blockages that present with redness, pain and swelling, if treated early can be prevented from progressing into mastitis. 

Complementary treatments

While ultrasound therapy can resolve blockages, combining it with other measures ensures optimal recovery:

• Continue breastfeeding or pumping: Regular milk removal is key to preventing future blockages.
• Use cold compress: Apply ice after and in between feeds to reduce inflammation
• Pain relief: use ibuprofen to reduce pain and inflammation 
• Adjust feeding positions: Different angles can help to improve milk removal. Practice a deep latch for optimal flow. 
• Stay hydrated and rest: Maintaining overall health supports milk production and flow.

When to seek medical advice

If symptoms persist despite treatment or are accompanied by fever, redness or severe pain, consult a healthcare provider. These may be signs of mastitis or an abscess requiring medical intervention.

Ultrasound therapy provides an effective, non-invasive solution for managing blocked milk ducts, helping mothers to continue their breastfeeding journey with greater comfort and confidence.