Understanding prostate cancer treatment

Receiving a prostate cancer diagnosis can be a daunting experience, not only for the patient but also for their loved ones. The uncertainty about what will happen next and the many treatment options can make people even more anxious. However, understanding the available treatments and their implications can empower individuals to make informed decisions about their healthcare journey. In his latest online article, Mr Rajiv Pillai gives us his insights.

The course of treatment for prostate cancer largely depends on the grade and stage of the cancer. If the cancer is localised, meaning it is confined to the prostate, several treatment options exist, each with its own benefits and considerations.

One option for localised prostate cancer is surveillance or active monitoring. This involves regular check-ups and tests to monitor the progression of the cancer without immediate intervention. It is often recommended for patients with low-risk prostate cancer or those with a limited life expectancy.

Surgical intervention, such as keyhole or robotic-assisted surgery, may be recommended to remove the prostate gland (prostatectomy). This procedure aims to remove the cancerous tissue while preserving surrounding nerves and tissues to maintain urinary and sexual function.

Another localised treatment option is radiotherapy, which uses high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells. Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive seeds directly into the prostate, delivering targeted radiation. External beam radiotherapy, on the other hand, delivers radiation from outside the body to the prostate area.

In cases where the cancer is confined to a specific area within the prostate, focal treatments may be considered. These treatments aim to target and destroy only the cancerous part of the prostate while preserving healthy tissue. Options include focal therapy using freezing (cryotherapy) or focused ultrasound.

However, some individuals may present with advanced-stage prostate cancer, where the disease has spread beyond the prostate gland. In such cases, systemic treatments are necessary to target cancer cells throughout the body. These treatments may include chemotherapy, which uses drugs to kill cancer cells, or immunotherapy, which harnesses the body's immune system to fight cancer. Hormonal therapy is another systemic treatment option that aims to block the production of male hormones, which can fuel the growth of prostate cancer cells.

Regardless of the stage or grade of prostate cancer, it is crucial for patients to discuss their options thoroughly with their healthcare team. Treatment decisions should consider factors such as the patient's overall health, potential side effects, and personal preferences.

Mr Rajiv Pillai is a respected urologist. You can schedule an appointment with Mr Pillai on his Top Doctors profile.