What to know about autism in children

Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a developmental condition that affects how children communicate, interact, and behave. The symptoms of autism can vary widely in severity and type, which is why it is called a "spectrum."

Some children with autism may have mild challenges, while others may need more support in their daily lives. Autism typically appears in early childhood, often before the age of three, and persists throughout a person's life. On hand in this article to provide his expert opinion with regards to the topic is revered consultant paediatrician, Dr Naeem Ahmad. 

Symptoms

One of the hallmark features of autism is difficulty with social interactions. Children with autism may struggle with making eye contact, responding to their name, or understanding social cues such as body language or facial expressions. They might find it hard to engage in conversations, form friendships, or play with others.

Many children on the spectrum also engage in repetitive behaviors, such as rocking, hand-flapping, or repeating the same words or phrases. These behaviors, known as "stimming," can help children with autism manage their sensory input or emotions.

Children with autism often have unique ways of learning and thinking. Some may excel in certain areas like math, music, or art, while others may have delayed language development or difficulty understanding abstract concepts. Sensory sensitivities are also common; children may be overly sensitive to sounds, lights, textures, or even certain smells, leading to overstimulation or discomfort in everyday environments.

Diagnosis

Early diagnosis and intervention of autism are key in helping children with autism reach their full potential. Behavioural therapies, such as Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA), speech therapy, and occupational therapy, can help improve communication skills, social interactions, and daily functioning. These therapies are often tailored to each child’s specific needs and can make a significant difference in their development.

While autism presents challenges, many children with autism grow up to lead fulfilling and independent lives with the right support. Raising awareness and fostering understanding of autism helps create an inclusive environment where children on the spectrum can thrive and reach their goals. With early intervention, therapy, and family support, children with autism can make remarkable progress and lead meaningful lives.