Which way to go? Open, laparoscopic, or robotic hernia repair

Hernia repair surgery is a common procedure used to treat weaknesses or tears in the abdominal wall that allow internal organs to protrude. With advancements in surgical techniques, patients now have three primary options: open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and robotic-assisted surgery. Each method has its advantages and is suited to different circumstances, making the decision highly individualised.

Open hernia repair is the traditional approach and remains widely performed. In this method, the surgeon makes a single incision over the hernia site, repairs the defect, and reinforces it with a mesh to prevent recurrence. Open surgery is typically recommended for larger hernias or those with significant complications. The recovery period can be longer compared to minimally invasive options, but the procedure is effective and well-suited for complex cases or patients who may not tolerate advanced techniques.

Laparoscopic hernia repair involves making small incisions through which a camera and specialised instruments are inserted. This minimally invasive technique provides a clear view of the abdominal cavity and allows surgeons to repair the hernia with minimal disruption to surrounding tissues. Laparoscopic repair is often chosen for bilateral or recurrent hernias and offers benefits such as reduced postoperative pain, shorter recovery time, and smaller scars. However, it requires general anaesthesia and is less suitable for patients with very large or complicated hernias.

Robotic hernia repair builds on the laparoscopic approach but incorporates advanced robotic technology. The surgeon controls robotic instruments, which provide enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualisation. This method is particularly advantageous for complex or recurrent hernias and for patients with unique anatomical challenges. While robotic surgery often leads to minimal scarring and faster recovery, it may not be accessible in all facilities and can involve higher costs.

Choosing the right surgical approach depends on the type, size, and location of the hernia, as well as the patient’s health, lifestyle, and preferences. Consulting with a skilled surgeon ensures an informed decision tailored to individual needs, leading to optimal outcomes and a quicker return to daily life.