Demystifying polyps: Recognising risks and seeking care

Polyps, although often benign, can pose potential health risks if left untreated. Understanding what polyps are and when it’s necessary to consult a healthcare professional is crucial for maintaining your well-being. In this article, we'll delve into the basics of polyps, their potential implications, and when it’s time to schedule an appointment with a consultant.

What are polyps?

Polyps are abnormal tissue growths that can occur in various parts of the body. They can develop in organs such as the colon, stomach, uterus and even in the cervix. These growths usually start small and may remain asymptomatic for a long time. However, depending on their size and location, they can lead to complications if left untreated.

Types of polyps

There are several types of polyps, each with its own characteristics and potential implications:

• Colorectal polyps: These are growths that develop in the lining of the colon or rectum. While most colorectal polyps are harmless, some can develop into colorectal cancer if left untreated.

• Uterine polyps: These are formations that arise within the lining of the uterus. They can cause symptoms such as irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding, bleeding between periods, or bleeding after menopause.

• Stomach polyps: These are growths that develop in the lining of the stomach. While most stomach polyps are benign, some can be precancerous or cancerous.

When to be concerned

While not all polyps are cause for immediate concern, there are certain signs and symptoms that warrant a visit to a healthcare professional:

• Rectal bleeding: Any unexplained bleeding from the rectum, particularly if it persists or is accompanied by changes in bowel habits, should be investigated promptly.

• Abdominal pain: Persistent abdominal pain, especially if it's severe or localised, could be indicative of a problem such as a gastrointestinal polyp.

• Changes in bowel habits: If you notice significant changes in your bowel movements, such as persistent diarrhoea or constipation, it's advisable to seek medical advice.

• Abnormal uterine bleeding: For women, irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding, bleeding between periods, or bleeding after menopause could be signs of uterine polyps.

Consulting a healthcare professional

If you experience any of the aforementioned symptoms or have concerns about polyps, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional. Your GP can assess your symptoms, perform necessary examinations, and refer you to a consultant if further investigation or treatment is required.