How radiofrequency denervation treats osteoarthritis

Radiofrequency denervation is a novel treatment option for people suffering from chronic pain due to osteoarthritis that can help to enhance quality of life and reduce discomfort.

Dr Andrzej Krol, renowned consultant in anaesthesia and pain medicine, provides an expert insight into radiofrequency denervation for osteoarthritis, including its procedure, effectiveness, and compatibility with other treatments.

What is radiofrequency denervation?

Radiofrequency denervation is a minimally invasive procedure designed to treat chronic pain by targeting the sensory nerves that send pain signals from the joint to the brain. While radiofrequency denervation is most commonly employed for spinal pain, it has also been effectively used for joint pain, particularly in osteoarthritis cases.

In osteoarthritis, pain is often caused by inflammation and the breakdown of cartilage, as well as damage to the surrounding tissues. With the use of radiofrequency energy, radiofrequency denervation creates heat that disrupts the nerve’s ability to send pain signals to the brain. This process interrupts the pain pathways and alleviates the pain associated with osteoarthritis, helping people to experience improved mobility and functionality.

How does radiofrequency denervation work for osteoarthritis?

Before undergoing radiofrequency denervation, you will typically have a comprehensive evaluation, including a physical examination, a medical history review, and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRIs to confirm the diagnosis of osteoarthritis.

On the day of the procedure, local anaesthesia will be administered to numb the area around the targeted joint. Your pain management specialist will then use fluoroscopy (a real-time imaging technique) to accurately locate the nerve responsible for transmitting pain signals from the affected joint.

Subsequently, a thin, insulated needle will be carefully inserted near the target nerve. Accurate needle placement is critical for the effectiveness of the procedure.

Once the needle is in position, radiofrequency energy will be delivered to the nerve through the needle tip. This energy will generate heat, creating a small lesion on the nerve that will disrupt the nerve’s ability to transmit pain signals, providing pain relief.

Are there any potential risks or side effects?

Like any medical procedure, radiofrequency denervation carries potential risks and side effects, although they are generally minimal. Potential side effects include temporary numbness, weakness, allergic reactions, or pain that persists.

How effective is radiofrequency denervation for osteoarthritis?

Radiofrequency denervation can be highly effective for managing chronic pain related to osteoarthritis. People are able to experience significant reductions in pain levels and improvements in function after undergoing the procedure, with pain relief lasting for several months to a couple of years.

Can radiofrequency denervation be performed for osteoarthritis alongside other treatments?

Yes, radiofrequency denervation can be performed alongside other treatment modalities for osteoarthritis. Treatment combinations can include physical therapy, medications, corticosteroid injections, regular exercise, or surgical options.

If you would like to book an appointment with Dr Andrzej Krol, head on over to his Top Doctors profile today.