Insight on the closed-loop insulin pump: Key advantages and drawbacks

For people living with diabetes, constant vigilance and monitoring of the condition is an essential part of daily life. Over time, advancements in medical technology have brought forth new management devices which are easier to use and more effective. These innovations include the closed-loop insulin pump, also known as an artificial pancreas. In this article, revered consultant diabetologist Dr Natasha Patel details the key advantages and disadvantages of the closed-loop insulin pump, helping patients make an informed choice about how suitable this device may be in forming part of their diabetes management plan.

Who can benefit from a closed-loop insulin pump?

Pending approval and funding by NHS England (NHSE) and in collaboration with industry partners, a five-year roll-out plan has been created to administer hybrid closed loop pumps to some people living with diabetes. The intended recipients include individuals:

• Aged between 0 and 18 years with type 1 diabetes
• Aged 18 years and above with HbA1c above 7.5 per cent
• Experiencing disabling hypoglycaemia
• Trying to conceive

What are the key advantages of the closed-loop insulin pump?

Automated insulin delivery

The closed-loop pump automatically adjusts insulin delivery based on real-time blood sugar levels monitored by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). This feature of the device is one of its most important advantages as it reduces manual interventions, mitigating the risk of both hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia.
 

Precise glucose control

The closed-loop system was formulated to maintain blood sugar levels within a tight range, lessening fluctuations which can lead to diabetes-related complications over time, and contributing to improved health overall.
 

Reduced mental load

Managing diabetes every day can be mentally and emotionally exhausting. With the closed-loop system, the daily burden of monitoring is reduced, as there is less need for to make constant insulin dose calculations, or to worry about potential blood sugar fluctuations.
 

Better quality of life

As the closed-loop system is automatic, this allows for more flexibility in daily life, activities and meal planning. Using this device, people with diabetes can enjoy greater freedom, without the need to structure life around insulin dosing schedules.

Are there are disadvantages of using a closed-loop insulin pump?

Learning curve

While transitioning to a closed-loop system, users will need to get used to the device’s settings, learn to interpret glucose sensor data accurately and understand how it responds in various situations. Patience and time are required during this period.
 

Technology reliability

As with any piece of technology, glitches or malfunctions can occur which can potentially affect insulin delivery and have serious consequences for those dependent on the device. For this reason, having backup plans and maintaining a good understanding of how to deliver insulin manually is essential.

Customisation challenges

While the closed-loop system can adapt to different scenarios, personalisation may not suit every person's unique needs. Ongoing adjustment and fine tuning of some settings may be needed through continued contact with your healthcare professional.
 

Constant attachment

Some individuals dislike being attached to both a glucose sensor and pump.
 

How can I decide if the closed-loop insulin pump is right for me?

The closed-loop insulin pump is a significant advancement in diabetes management, which can improve quality of life and reduce the burden of living with the condition day to day, as well as improving glucose control. However, each person should weigh the associated advantages against the drawbacks of using the device. Speaking to specialists and healthcare providers can help you to establish whether this system suits your individual needs and preferences. Diabetes management is highly personal, and the best approach for you will depend on your lifestyle and requirements.
 

If you would like to schedule a consultation with Dr Patel, visit her Top Doctors profile today.