Living independently with Parkinson’s disease, and beyond

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological condition that affects movement, causing symptoms such as tremors, stiffness, and slowed movement. Though the disease can lead to challenges in daily life, many individuals with Parkinson’s can still maintain independence with proper care, support, and lifestyle adjustments. Living independently isn’t only about managing the symptoms of the disease, but also adapting to changes as the condition progresses.

What is Parkinson’s disease?

Parkinson’s disease is caused by the loss of the brain’s dopamine-producing cells. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter responsible for coordinating movement, and as the levels of dopamine decrease, patients experience the motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's. While there is no cure, many treatment options, including medications and therapies, can help manage the condition effectively.

How can you maintain independence with Parkinson’s disease?

Maintaining independence with Parkinson’s disease involves proactive management of symptoms, incorporating helpful strategies, and using assistive devices when needed. Here are a few approaches that can support independent living:

• Medication management: Levodopa and other medications can help control movement-related symptoms. Taking medications as prescribed and at the right times is essential in maintaining mobility and reducing tremors. Patients should work closely with their healthcare provider to adjust medication as needed.
• Exercise and physiotherapy: Physical activity plays a critical role in helping patients stay active and mobile. Exercises that improve strength, balance, and flexibility can reduce stiffness and enhance mobility. Physiotherapy can offer tailored exercises to address specific challenges.
• Home modifications: Simple changes at home, such as grab bars in the bathroom, non-slip flooring, or adapted utensils for eating, can make daily tasks easier and safer. These modifications can be particularly helpful as the disease progresses.
• Speech and occupational therapy: Speech therapy can help with communication issues, while occupational therapy focuses on adapting daily tasks and finding new ways to complete activities. These therapies support independence in personal care, communication, and other essential routines.

What are the challenges of living independently?

As Parkinson’s disease progresses, maintaining independence may become more difficult due to increasing symptoms like muscle rigidity, difficulties with balance and fatigue. Non-motor symptoms, such as depression, sleep problems and cognitive changes can also complicate daily life. These challenges require ongoing adaptations, with support from healthcare providers, carers and family.

• Mobility issues: Tremors, slowness of movement and balance problems can make walking and physical activities more difficult. This increases the risk of falls and injuries, requiring adjustments such as the use of mobility aids like canes, walkers, or wheelchairs.
• Cognitive decline: In some cases, people with Parkinson’s disease may experience cognitive changes or dementia, which can affect decision-making and memory. This can make managing finances, medications or other daily activities more difficult.

Can living independently still be possible in advanced stages of Parkinson’s disease?

In the more advanced stages of Parkinson’s disease, it may become challenging for a person to live independently without assistance. However, with the right support network, including family members, carers, and healthcare professionals, people with Parkinson’s can continue to enjoy a good quality of life. Strategies such as engaging in activities that offer mental and physical stimulation and addressing emotional well-being through counselling or support groups can help patients maintain a sense of autonomy and fulfilment.

Looking beyond independence

Beyond physical independence, emotional and psychological well-being is essential for people living with Parkinson's. Staying socially connected, pursuing hobbies, and engaging in activities that bring joy can improve mood and reduce the risk of depression, which is a common issue in people with Parkinson’s. Support groups and counselling may provide emotional support and practical advice for patients and their families.

Living independently with Parkinson’s disease is possible with the right combination of medical management, support services and lifestyle changes. Although the condition is progressive, advances in treatment, along with rehabilitation therapies and adaptive strategies, can enable individuals to maintain independence for as long as possible. With continued support and proactive care, patients can look beyond the physical limitations and focus on maintaining quality of life.