Navigating life with neuropathic pain

Neuropathic pain is a challenging condition that can greatly affect your daily life. Leading consultant in anaesthesia and pain management Dr Vinod Sanem explains what it is, its origins, symptoms, and the treatments available to help you manage it.

Defining neuropathic pain

Neuropathic pain, often referred to as nerve pain, is a chronic pain condition stemming from damage or malfunction in the nervous system. Unlike pain caused by injury or inflammation, neuropathic pain originates within the nerves themselves, leading to sensations such as burning, tingling, or sharp, shooting pain, sometimes described as feeling like electric shocks.

What are the root causes of neuropathic pain?

Several underlying conditions can cause neuropathic pain. Diabetes is a common cause, as elevated blood sugar levels can damage nerves, leading to diabetic neuropathy. Physical trauma, such as a spinal cord injury or herniated disc, can also compress or damage nerves, resulting in pain. Infections, such as shingles caused by the herpes zoster virus, can affect nerve tissues, while diseases like multiple sclerosis or cancer can disrupt nerve function and lead to neuropathic pain.

How can I recognising the symptoms of neuropathic pain?

The symptoms of neuropathic pain vary from person to person but often include a persistent burning sensation, particularly in the hands or feet. Tingling or numbness, which feels similar to "pins and needles," can occur without any apparent cause. Some people experience sharp, stabbing pains that may feel like electric shocks, while others suffer from allodynia, where normally non-painful stimuli, such as a light touch, become painful.

How is neuropathic pain diagnosed?

Diagnosing neuropathic pain involves a comprehensive medical history and physical examination. Your doctor will inquire about your symptoms, any pre-existing conditions, and recent injuries or infections. Additional tests, such as nerve conduction studies or imaging scans, may be used to pinpoint the source of nerve damage.

Approaches to treatment

Treating neuropathic pain often requires a combination of methods. Medications, such as anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and topical treatments, can help manage pain. Common examples include gabapentin, amitriptyline, and lidocaine patches. Physical therapy, involving specific exercises, can enhance strength and flexibility while reducing pain.

Lifestyle adjustments, like managing conditions such as diabetes, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding alcohol, can also help alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, advanced therapies such as nerve blocks, spinal cord stimulation, or surgery might be considered.

Managing neuropathic pain

Living with neuropathic pain is challenging, but effective management is possible. Regular consultations with your healthcare provider, staying informed about your condition, and exploring various treatment options can significantly improve your quality of life. Remember, you are not alone, and with the right support and resources, you can navigate this condition successfully.

If you would like to book a consultation with Dr Sanem, simply visit his Top Doctors profile today.