Understanding cognitive behavioural therapy: How CBT can help patients overcome anxiety and depression

Leading chartered counselling psychologist Dr Sarah Hamlyn-Wright provides a detailed insight to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and how it assists patients in overcoming mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression, in this informative article.

What is CBT?

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a widely used therapeutic approach designed to help patients manage anxiety and depression by changing negative thought patterns and behaviours. CBT focuses on the link between thoughts, feelings and actions, and how they influence each other. The aim is to identify unhelpful patterns and replace them with more constructive ways of thinking and behaving.

CBT is structured and goal-oriented, typically involving sessions with a therapist. During these sessions, patients learn to challenge their automatic negative thoughts, assess their validity and develop healthier perspectives. Over time, this process can help reduce feelings of anxiety and depression, promoting better emotional well-being.

What are the benefits of CBT?

The benefits of CBT include:

• Practical tools for managing stress, anxiety or depression in everyday life.
• Techniques that empower patients to become more aware of their thinking patterns.
• A short-term approach that focuses on achieving specific goals, often leading to quicker results than other therapies.

What’s involved in a typical CBT session?

A typical CBT session involves a structured approach where the patient and therapist work together to address specific challenges. The session usually starts with a review of the patient’s current situation, focusing on any recent thoughts, feelings or behaviours contributing to their anxiety or depression. The therapist will guide the patient in identifying negative thought patterns and how these may be influencing their emotional state.

The therapist may then introduce cognitive restructuring techniques, where the patient learns to challenge and reframe distorted thoughts into more balanced, realistic perspectives. Additionally, behavioural strategies such as exposure therapy or behavioural activation might be used, depending on the patient’s specific issues. These techniques help patients confront fears or increase engagement in positive activities, both of which can alleviate symptoms.

Patients are often given homework assignments to practice what they’ve learned during the session, such as keeping thought diaries or gradually exposing themselves to feared situations. This hands-on, practical approach ensures that progress continues between sessions, helping patients build confidence and autonomy in managing their mental health.

Is CBT effective for conditions other than anxiety and depression?

CBT is not only effective for treating anxiety and depression but also for managing other mental health conditions like panic disorders, PTSD and OCD. It’s a versatile therapy that can be tailored to the individual’s specific needs and can be combined with other treatments if necessary.

Are you considering CBT and looking for expert treatment? Arrange a consultation with Dr Hamlyn-Wright via her Top Doctors profile.