Understanding intravitreal injections: A guide for your eye health

Intravitreal injections have gained popularity in recent years, but what exactly are they, and how do they work? In this article, renowned consultant ophthalmic surgeon Mr Vaughan Tanner delves into the world of intravitreal injections, answering some of the most commonly searched questions to help you better understand this important aspect of eye care.

What are intravitreal injections?

Intravitreal injections are a medical procedure in which medication is directly injected into the vitreous humour, the jelly-like substance that fills the middle of the eye. These injections are typically administered to treat various eye conditions, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, and some other retinal disorders.

How do intravitreal injections work?

Intravitreal injections work by delivering a precise dose of medication directly to the affected area within the eye. By bypassing the digestive system and bloodstream, this method ensures that a higher concentration of the medication reaches the target tissue, maximising its therapeutic effects.

What medications are used in intravitreal injections?

The most common medications used in intravitreal injections include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs. These medications help combat abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage in the eye, which are common in conditions like AMD and diabetic retinopathy.

Are intravitreal injections painful?

Many people are concerned about the discomfort associated with intravitreal injections. The procedure is typically well-tolerated, with minimal pain. Before the injection, an anaesthetic eye drop is applied to numb the eye's surface, ensuring that you won't feel significant pain during the procedure. Some patients may experience mild discomfort or pressure, but this usually lasts only a short time.

How often are intravitreal injections needed?

The frequency of intravitreal injections varies depending on the underlying eye condition and its severity. Typically, these injections are given on a monthly or bimonthly basis initially. Your ophthalmologist will determine the most appropriate schedule for your specific case, and it may be adjusted over time based on your response to treatment.

What are the potential risks and side effects?

While intravitreal injections are generally safe and effective, like any medical procedure, they carry some risks. Potential side effects may include infection, retinal detachment, or elevated eye pressure. It's essential to discuss these risks with your eye specialist before starting treatment.

What can I expect after an intravitreal injection?

After an intravitreal injection, you may experience some temporary blurriness or floaters in your vision. These effects typically resolve within a few days. It's crucial to follow your doctor's post-injection care instructions, which may include avoiding strenuous activities and refraining from rubbing your eyes.

Are intravitreal injections a cure?

Intravitreal injections are not a cure for the underlying eye conditions they treat. Instead, they help manage and stabilise the condition, preventing further vision loss and sometimes even improving vision. Regular follow-up appointments with your ophthalmologist are essential to monitor your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed.

If you would like to book a consultation with Mr Vaughan Tanner, you can do so today via his Top Doctors profile.