What is gastroenterology?
Gastroenterology is the branch of medicine that focusses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of medical conditions affecting the
digestive system. Given the length of the digestive tract (from mouth to anus) and all the organs that encompass and feed into it, gastroenterology is a wide specialty that
encompasses many areas. Paediatric gastroenterologists specialise in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive and nutritional problems in children, which vary considerably from the problems typically seen in adults.
What conditions does a paediatric gastroenterologist treat?
Paediatric gastroenterologists are trained to diagnose and treat problems related to the digestive system and the liver in children. Paediatric gastroenterologists make use of special instruments (just like gastroenterologists) such as endoscopes in order to examine the digestive tract, perform certain procedures, and to take biopsies (small tissue samples) if necessary. Paediatric gastroenterologists commonly treat:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Ongoing constipation
- Liver conditions
- IBD (inflammatory bowel disease)
- Certain intolerances (e.g lactose, gluten)
- Gastrointestinal bleeding
- Nutritional problems, or disorders
- Reflux and GORD (gastrooesophageal reflux disease)
Which subspecialties are included under gastroenterology?
Hepatology is a major sub-specialty, with some specialists preferring to be known as “
hepatologists” rather than “gastroenterologists”. Hepatology primarily deals with diseases of the liver, while some hepatologists also cover the pancreas and/or biliary tree as well. However, hepatology tends to focus on diagnosis and treatment in adults rather than in children.
Other sub-specialty interests include:
- Upper GI diseases (oesophagus and stomach)
- Functional bowel diseases
- Tropical diseases
- Endoscopy
- Clinical nutrition
When does my child need to see a gastroenterologist?
You should consult a paediatric gastroenterologist if your child is experiencing symptoms such as
abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, bowel irregularities, blood in their stool, heartburn, persistent or repeated stomach aches, difficulty swallowing food, or any other digestive problem that has you concerned. You may also be referred to a paediatric gastroenterologist through your regular paediatrician or GP, for specialist treatment or diagnosis.