Ask an expert: What is pelvic organ prolapse?

In this informative article, highly respected consultant gynaecologist Mr Rufus Cartwright shares his expert insight on pelvic organ prolapse and who is most likely to be affected by this condition. The revered specialist also sheds light on the most common symptoms related to the condition and details the various treatment approaches for pelvic organ prolapse.

What is pelvic organ prolapse?

Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when one or more of the pelvic organs, including the uterus, bladder or rectum, falls down or pushes against the wall of the vagina. It is a relatively common condition which can affect many women, particularly as they age or following childbirth.

What are the most common symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse?

The symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse can include:

• a sensation of pressure or fullness in the pelvic area
• a bulge or protrusion from the vagina
• incontinence or difficulty controlling the bladder or bowel
• pain during intercourse
• difficulty inserting a tampon

What causes pelvic organ prolapse?

A number of factors can increase a person’s risk of developing pelvic organ prolapse, including:

• pregnancy and childbirth
• ageing
• chronic constipation
• chronic cough
• being overweight or obese
• prior surgery in the pelvic area

When is pelvic organ prolapse considered an emergency?

Pelvic organ prolapse can be very serious and symptoms can interfere with daily life, so it is important to see a doctor about any concerns. When the pelvic organs are at risk of becoming damaged, this is a medical emergency and you should seek urgent care.

How is pelvic organ prolapse treated?

Treatment for pelvic organ prolapse usually depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms that the patient is experiencing. Conservative (non-surgical) treatments may include pelvic floor muscle exercises, weight loss, and the use of a pessary, a device that is inserted into the vagina to support the pelvic organs.

Surgical treatment may be necessary if non-surgical options prove ineffective or if the condition is severe. There are a number of surgical approaches which are used to treat pelvic organ prolapse, including procedures to repair or reconstruct the supporting tissues of the pelvic organs.

In some cases, a hysterectomy may be performed, in which the uterus is removed. It is important to discuss all treatment options thoroughly with your doctor in order to determine the best course of action for you.

If you are concerned about the symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse and wish to schedule a consultation with Mr Cartwright, you can do so by visiting his Top Doctors profile.