Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) analysis
What is being analysed?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is an essential enzyme primarily found in endothelial cells, particularly within the lungs. It plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This conversion leads to vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion, contributing to blood pressure regulation and electrolyte balance.
What does the result mean?
The result of an ACE analysis indicates the level of this enzyme in the blood. Elevated levels may suggest conditions such as sarcoidosis, Gaucher's disease, or other granulomatous diseases. Decreased levels might indicate renal disease or certain types of liver disease.
Why perform the analysis?
Analysing ACE levels aids in diagnosing and monitoring various medical conditions, particularly those affecting the lungs, kidneys, or immune system. It helps clinicians understand the activity of the renin-angiotensin system and guide appropriate treatment strategies.
What sample is required?
A blood sample is required for ACE analysis. This sample is usually drawn from a vein in the arm using a needle.
Is any prior preparation necessary?
No specific prior preparation is necessary for ACE analysis. However, individuals should inform their healthcare provider about any medications they are taking, as certain drugs can affect ACE levels.
How is it used?
ACE analysis is used as a diagnostic tool in conjunction with other clinical and laboratory findings. It helps confirm or rule out certain conditions and guides treatment decisions. Additionally, monitoring ACE levels over time can assess disease progression or response to therapy.
What are the normal values?
Normal ACE levels can vary depending on factors such as age, gender, and laboratory methods. However, typical reference ranges are between 8 and 52 U/L (units per liter).
ACE Levels Reference Table:
|
Normal Values (U/L) |
Interpretation |
|---|---|
|
8 - 52 |
Within normal range |
|
>52 |
Elevated (possible conditions: sarcoidosis, Gaucher's disease, granulomatous diseases) |
|
<8 |
Decreased (possible conditions: renal disease, certain medications) |
Note: Reference ranges may vary slightly between laboratories. Always consult with a healthcare provider for interpretation of specific results in the context of individual health conditions.
What does having altered values mean?
Elevated ACE levels:
- High levels of ACE may indicate conditions such as sarcoidosis, Gaucher's disease, tuberculosis, or other granulomatous diseases.
- It may also be elevated in certain cancers, hyperthyroidism, or during pregnancy.
Decreased ACE levels:
- Low ACE levels might suggest renal disease, particularly in patients with kidney failure.
- Certain medications, such as ACE inhibitors, may also lower ACE levels.