What is being analysed?

Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) is a protein found on the surface of many cells, including those of the immune system. This marker is analysed to assess the level of B2M in the blood, which can provide valuable information about certain health conditions, particularly cancers such as multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and lymphoma.

What does the result mean?

The result of the analysis indicates the concentration of beta-2 microglobulin in the blood. Elevated levels may suggest the presence of certain cancers or other conditions affecting the immune system.

Why do the analysis?

Beta-2 microglobulin analysis is performed to aid in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of certain cancers, especially multiple myeloma and lymphoma. It helps doctors to assess disease progression and response to treatment.

When to do the analysis?

This analysis is typically recommended when there is suspicion of multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or other conditions affecting the immune system. It may also be ordered periodically to monitor disease progression or response to treatment.

What sample is required?

A blood sample is required for beta-2 microglobulin analysis. This sample is usually drawn from a vein in the arm using a needle.

Is any type of prior preparation necessary?

No special preparation is usually necessary for this test. However, it's essential to follow any specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider.

How is it used?

Beta-2 microglobulin analysis is used in conjunction with other tests and clinical assessments to diagnose and monitor certain cancers, particularly multiple myeloma and lymphoma. It helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about treatment strategies and disease management.

What are the normal values?

Normal values for beta-2 microglobulin can vary depending on the laboratory and the testing method used. However, generally, normal levels are typically below 3.0 mg/L.

What does it mean to have altered values?

Elevated levels of beta-2 microglobulin may indicate the presence of certain cancers, particularly multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. However, it's essential to interpret the results in the context of other clinical findings and tests. Decreased levels of beta-2 microglobulin are less common but may occur in certain kidney diseases or autoimmune disorders.

Table: Reference values for Beta-2 microglobulin analysis

This table summarizes the reference values for beta-2 microglobulin analysis, providing a clear reference for interpreting test results.