Bilirubin test
What is being analysed?
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells in the body. It is primarily metabolised in the liver and then excreted in bile.
What does the result mean?
The analysis of bilirubin levels in the blood helps assess liver function and detect conditions such as jaundice, liver disease, or haemolytic anaemia.
Why perform the analysis?
The analysis is performed to diagnose and monitor liver and blood disorders, assess jaundice severity, evaluate treatment effectiveness, and screen for conditions affecting bilirubin metabolism.
When is the analysis typically done?
The analysis may be ordered as part of routine health check-ups, when symptoms such as yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) are present, or when monitoring certain medical conditions or treatments.
What sample is required?
A blood sample is required for bilirubin analysis. This sample is usually obtained through venipuncture, where a needle is inserted into a vein, typically in the arm.
Is any prior preparation necessary?
No specific preparation is usually required before a bilirubin test. However, it's essential to inform your doctor about any medications, supplements, or recent medical procedures.
How are the results used?
The analysis of bilirubin levels helps doctors:
- Diagnose liver diseases such as hepatitis or cirrhosis
- Assess jaundice severity in newborns and adults
- Monitor treatment effectiveness in liver or blood disorders
- Screen for conditions affecting bilirubin metabolism
What are the normal values?
Normal bilirubin levels in adults typically range from 0.1 to 1.2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). However, reference ranges may vary slightly between different laboratories and methods.
Bilirubin values reference table:
|
Bilirubin Level (mg/dL) |
Interpretation |
|---|---|
|
Less than 1.0 |
Normal |
|
1.0 - 1.9 |
Mildly elevated |
|
2.0 - 3.9 |
Moderately elevated |
|
4.0 or above |
Markedly elevated, indicative of severe liver dysfunction or hemolysis |
Note: Interpretation may vary depending on clinical context and individual patient factors. Always consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
What does having altered values mean?
- Elevated bilirubin levels may indicate liver diseases (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis), bile duct obstruction, hemolytic anemia, or other conditions affecting bilirubin metabolism.
- Decreased bilirubin levels are less common but may be seen in conditions such as malnutrition, certain medications, or chronic liver diseases.
This comprehensive guide aims to provide a better understanding of bilirubin analysis, its significance, and interpretation of results. For specific medical advice or concerns, please consult a qualified healthcare professional.