What is being analysed?

CD4 lymphocyte count is a laboratory test that measures the number of CD4-positive T cells in a sample of blood. CD4 T cells play a crucial role in the immune system's response to infections and diseases, particularly those caused by viruses like HIV. It helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about treatment strategies and monitor the effectiveness of therapy over time.

What does the result mean?

The CD4 count provides important information about the status of the immune system. A higher CD4 count typically indicates a stronger immune system, while a lower count suggests immunosuppression. In HIV-positive individuals, monitoring CD4 counts helps gauge the progression of the disease and determine the need for antiretroviral therapy.

When should the analysis be done?

CD4 counts are typically performed at regular intervals in HIV-positive individuals to monitor disease progression and response to treatment. They may also be ordered in other clinical scenarios where immune function assessment is necessary.

What sample is required?

A blood sample is required for CD4 lymphocyte count analysis. This sample is usually drawn from a vein in the arm using a needle and collected in a tube.

Is any prior preparation necessary?

No specific prior preparation is needed for CD4 count testing. However, it's essential to inform your healthcare provider about any medications or supplements you're taking, as certain drugs may influence the results.

How is it used?

CD4 count results are used by healthcare providers to make treatment decisions, assess disease progression, and determine the need for prophylactic medications to prevent opportunistic infections in HIV-positive individuals.

What are the normal values?

Normal CD4 counts can vary depending on factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity. In adults, typical CD4 counts range from 500 to 1,200 cells per cubic millimetre (cells/mm³) of blood.

CD4 Lymphocyte Count Reference Table:

What does having altered values mean?

• Low CD4 Count: A low CD4 count (below 200 cells/mm³) is indicative of immunosuppression and significantly increases the risk of opportunistic infections and complications, particularly in HIV/AIDS patients.
• High CD4 Count: A high CD4 count (above 500 cells/mm³) generally indicates a robust immune system. However, excessively high CD4 counts may be observed in certain conditions like autoimmune disorders or chronic infections.