Cortisol testing
What is analysed?
Cortisol analysis involves measuring the levels of cortisol hormone in the blood, urine, or saliva to assess adrenal function and stress response.
How is it used?
Cortisol levels are used to evaluate adrenal gland function, diagnose conditions such as Cushing's syndrome or Addison's disease, monitor stress response, and assess cortisol replacement therapy.
Why undergo the analysis?
Cortisol analysis is conducted to diagnose adrenal gland disorders, monitor cortisol levels in conditions like Cushing's syndrome or Addison's disease, and assess stress response in various medical conditions.
When to undergo the analysis?
Cortisol analysis may be recommended when there are symptoms suggestive of adrenal gland disorders, such as fatigue, weight changes, mood swings, or abnormal hair growth.
What sample is required?
Cortisol analysis requires a blood, urine, or saliva sample, depending on the healthcare provider's recommendation and the specific test being conducted.
Is any prior preparation necessary?
Prior preparation may vary depending on the type of cortisol test being performed. Healthcare providers may advise patients to refrain from eating or drinking certain substances before the test to avoid interference with cortisol levels.
What are the normal values?
Normal cortisol levels vary throughout the day. In the morning, cortisol levels typically range between 6 to 23 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) or 138 to 635 nanomoles per liter (nmol/L). In the evening, cortisol levels are lower, ranging between 3 to 13 µg/dL or 83 to 358 nmol/L.
Cortisol Levels Reference Table
| Time of day | Cortisol level (µg/dL) | Cortisol level (nmol/L) |
| Morning | 6 - 23 | 138 - 635 |
| Evening | 3 - 13 | 83 - 358 |
This table provides a reference range for cortisol levels at different times of the day, aiding healthcare professionals in interpreting cortisol test results accurately.
What do altered values signify?
Altered cortisol levels may indicate adrenal gland dysfunction, stress, or certain medical conditions. Elevated levels may be seen in conditions like Cushing's syndrome, while low levels may indicate adrenal insufficiency or Addison's disease.