What is feeding the newborn?                 

Infant nutrition is the term used for feeding a baby from birth to 24 months. During the first six months a baby is either fed breast milk or formula. After six months more solid foods can start to be introduced to the diet.  

There are modern complementary feeding techniques such as baby-led weaning. This involves the child choosing different foods that are placed in front of them. It is a way for baby to feel different textures. This technique is recommended from six months onwards.  

Why is nutrition important?

Nutrition is critically important when feeding a newborn because it plays a fundamental role in their growth, development, and overall health.

Growth and development: Newborns grow rapidly in their first year of life, and adequate nutrition is essential to support this growth. Nutrients like protein, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals are needed for the development of organs, tissues, and bones.

Brain development: Proper nutrition, particularly the intake of essential fatty acids like omega-3 and omega-6, is crucial for the development of the baby's brain and nervous system. These nutrients are critical for cognitive and neurological development.

Immune system support: A well-balanced diet helps boost a newborn's immune system, making them less susceptible to infections and illnesses. Breast milk, in particular, provides antibodies and immune-boosting factors that protect the baby.

Digestive health: The digestive system of a newborn is still developing, so appropriate nutrition is necessary to support healthy digestion and absorption of nutrients. Breast milk is gentle on a baby's stomach and provides the right balance of nutrients.

Energy and metabolism: Newborns need a constant supply of energy to maintain body temperature, stay active, and support overall metabolic processes. Carbohydrates and fats provide the necessary energy.

Prevention of nutritional deficiencies: Adequate nutrition helps prevent nutritional deficiencies that can lead to growth delays, developmental problems, and health issues. 

Bonding and emotional development: Feeding, especially breastfeeding, is a bonding experience for the baby and the caregiver. It fosters a sense of security and emotional development for the baby.

Something that should also be taken into account is hygiene. It is important to sterilise teats, bottles, and dummies, especially during the first six months.   

What does it involve?

There are three phases in infant nutrition, and they all have one thing in common; milk intake. This should be done as advised by your physician, whether baby is breastfed or formula fed:

• From 0 to 6 months: the baby only consumes milk as they are in the development process and using their reflexes to be able to suck and swallow.  
• From 6 to 12 months: from 6 months onwards milk may not be enough and solid foods can start to be introduced to the diet. Between 7 and 9 months your baby starts rhythmic chewing, even without teeth. At this stage foods such as porridge, mash, and small food pieces can be added to baby’s diet.   
• From 13 to 24 months: after the first year, your baby’s tastes will start developing as they try new flavours and textures. It is important to gradually expand the range of foods so that when they reach two years old they can start eating a diet more similar to an adult.