What is being analysed?

Protein C and Protein S are essential components of the body's natural anticoagulant system, playing a crucial role in preventing blood clot formation. This analysis measures the levels of these proteins in the blood.

What does the result mean?

The result indicates the concentration of Protein C and Protein S in the blood. Normal levels suggest a properly functioning anticoagulant system, while abnormal levels may indicate an increased risk of clotting or bleeding disorders.

Why perform the analysis?

This analysis is performed to assess the risk of thrombotic events (blood clots) or bleeding disorders. It helps diagnose conditions such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, and thrombophilia.

The analysis of Protein C and Protein S levels helps healthcare providers assess the risk of thrombotic events and determine appropriate treatment strategies, such as anticoagulant therapy.

When should the analysis be done?

The analysis is typically requested when there is suspicion of a clotting disorder, recurrent thrombosis, unexplained bleeding, or prior to surgery in patients with a history of clotting disorders.

What sample is required?

A blood sample is required for analysis. The sample is usually drawn from a vein in the arm.

Is any prior preparation necessary?

No special preparation is usually required. However, it's important to inform your healthcare provider about any medications or supplements you are taking, as some may affect the results.

What are the normal values?

Normal values for Protein C and Protein S may vary slightly depending on the laboratory and the method used for analysis. However, generally accepted reference ranges are as follows:

• Always consult with a healthcare professional to interpret your specific results in the context of your medical history and overall health.

What does having altered values mean?

• Low Protein C levels: Decreased levels of Protein C may indicate an increased risk of blood clot formation (thrombosis). This could be due to conditions such as Protein C deficiency, liver disease, vitamin K deficiency, or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
• Low Protein S levels: Decreased levels of Protein S can also predispose individuals to clotting disorders. Causes of low Protein S levels include Protein S deficiency, liver disease, vitamin K deficiency, or certain medications.
• High Protein C or Protein S levels: Elevated levels of Protein C or Protein S are less common but could be observed in certain conditions such as acute thrombosis, during pregnancy, or as a response to anticoagulant therapy.