What is being analysed?

White blood cell count (WBC) refers to the measurement of the total number of white blood cells present in a specific volume of blood. White blood cells are a crucial component of the immune system and play a vital role in defending the body against infections and foreign invaders. This helps healthcare professionals assess the body's immune response and detect potential infections or underlying medical conditions.

Why is a white blood cell count done?

The analysis of white blood cell count is performed to:

• Diagnose infections: Elevated WBC count often indicates the presence of an infection.
• Monitor treatment: It helps monitor the effectiveness of treatment for infections or diseases affecting the immune system.
• Identify underlying medical conditions: Abnormal WBC counts can be indicative of various medical conditions such as leukaemia, autoimmune disorders, or allergic reactions.

When should the analysis be done?

A WBC count may be ordered as part of routine health check-ups or if symptoms suggestive of infection or immune system disorders are present. Additionally, it may be performed during the diagnosis or monitoring of specific medical conditions.

What sample is required?

A small sample of blood is typically collected from a vein in the arm for analysis.

Is any prior preparation necessary?

Generally, no specific prior preparation is required for a WBC count. However, it is essential to inform the healthcare provider about any medications or supplements being taken, as certain drugs may affect the results.

How is it used?

The WBC count is used by healthcare providers to:

• Assess overall immune system function.
• Aid in the diagnosis of infections or inflammatory conditions.
• Monitor response to treatment for infections or diseases affecting the immune system.
• Identify underlying medical conditions such as leukemia or autoimmune disorders.

What are the normal values?

The normal range for white blood cell count can vary slightly depending on the laboratory and individual factors. However, a general guideline for adults is typically between 4,000 and 11,000 white blood cells per microliter of blood.

White blood cell count reference table:

What does having altered values mean?

• Elevated WBC count (Leucocytosis): This may indicate the presence of an infection, inflammation, physical stress, leukaemia, or other underlying medical conditions.
• Decreased WBC count (Leukopenia): This may suggest a weakened immune system, bone marrow disorders, viral infections, or certain medications.