The best updated medical information
More than 7589 items endorsed by the best medical specialists

Written by Top Doctors
Psychiatry

What happens during fight and flight?

The "fight and flight" response is an evolutionary mechanism in the brain that helps humans survive. This response developed significantly during hunter-gatherer times when humans lived in more dangerous environments. It allows individuals to become significantly stronger and faster in a split second—an advantage when fighting off a wild animal or escaping danger. Stories of people demonstrating superhuman strength to save their loved ones illustrate the "fight and flight" response in action. We speak to a leading consultant psychiatrist who explains what happens during this response.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Aesthetic medicine

Using ultrasound and dermal fillers together

Dermal fillers, known for their ability to restore facial volume and smooth wrinkles, are a popular non-invasive option for enhancing facial aesthetics. However, their application requires precision to minimise potential complications. In recent years, ultrasound technology has proven to be an invaluable tool to improve the safety, accuracy, and effectiveness of dermal filler procedures. This article provides an expert insight.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Oral & maxillofacial surgery

Spotting the warning signs of precancerous oral lesions

Precancerous oral lesions are changes in the tissues of the mouth that could potentially develop into oral cancer if left untreated. These changes can appear on the tongue, inside the cheeks, on the roof or floor of the mouth, or even on the lips. While the presence of such lesions does not necessarily mean you will develop cancer, they indicate a risk that should be taken seriously. We speak to a leading oral & maxillofacial surgeon, who explains the warning signs of precancerous oral lesions.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Oral & maxillofacial surgery

A real pain in the face: all about trigeminal neuralgia

Facial pain, also known as trigeminal neuralgia, is a chronic dysfunction of the trigeminal facial nerve. In this article, a consultant oral & maxillofacial surgeon explains what causes facial pain to occur, and how it can be solved.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Plastic surgery

All about the DIEP flap reconstruction procedure

The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap procedure is one of the several methods to reconstruct the form of the breasts during or after a mastectomy. In this article, an acclaimed plastic surgeon explains the benefits of the DIEP flap reconstruction, and why it may be preferable for patients compared to other techniques.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Gastroenterology

A guide to inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an umbrella term for a variety of chronic diseases that affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, causing chronic inflammation. In this article, a consultant gastroenterologist explains the kinds of IBD, diagnostic methods for IBD, and treatment options.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Surgery

Transform your life: The benefits of gastric bypass surgery for weight loss

Gastric bypass surgery is one of the most effective weight loss procedures for individuals struggling with obesity. By altering the digestive system, it helps reduce calorie absorption and supports long-term weight management. Beyond the physical benefits, this surgery can significantly improve overall quality of life and reduce obesity-related health risks.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Obstetrics & gynaecology

Breaking down PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age, with an estimated 8-13% prevalence worldwide. This multifaceted condition involves several body systems, requiring a comprehensive understanding for effective management. Here’s an in-depth look at PCOS, its characteristics, symptoms, and strategies for long-term health and wellness.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Clinical oncology

Total neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer

Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has emerged as a transformative approach in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer. By integrating chemotherapy and radiotherapy before surgery, this treatment paradigm aims to improve tumour response, optimise patient outcomes, and enhance quality of life.

• Learn more

Written by Top Doctors
Colorectal surgery

Can haemorrhoids return? What to do if they recur

Haemorrhoids, or piles, occur in the rectal or anal area. While treatments can effectively manage the condition, which manifests as swollen blood vessels, haemorrhoids may recur. This depends on lifestyle factors, health conditions and the initial treatment approach.

• Learn more